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[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ak 1 P(akati) To go, move tortuously like a serpent [cf. L. angulus, Gr.

agkai].

75; fut. “akṣiṣyati” or “akṣyati” ; aor. “ākṣīt”, 3. du. “ākṣiṣṭām” or “āṣṭām” ;

perf. “ānakṣa” [ 7-4, 60 ā. p. [with the Vedic weak stem “ākṣ” cf. perf. “āś-

uḥ” 3. pl. &c. fr. 1. “aś”] “ākṣāṇa”),; to reach ; to pass through, penetrate,

pervade, embrace ; to accumulate (to form the cube?) Caus. “akṣayati,

ācikṣat”, to cause to pervade Desid. “acikṣi, ṣati” or “acikṣati”

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

akṣ 1. 5. P. [akṣati, akṣṇoti, ānakṣa, ākṣiṣyati-akṣyati, ākṣīt, akṣituṁ-aṣṭuṁ

akṣitvā-aṣṭravā, aṣṭa]

(1) To reach.

(2) To pass through, pervade, penetrate (mostly Ved. in these senses).

(3) To accumulate, increase. –Caus. To cause to pervade.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ag 1 P. (agati, āgīt, agiṣyati, agituṁ)

(1) To wind, curl, move tortuously, or in a zig-zag way.

(2) To go (aṁgati, āṁgīt &c.).

hasten ; to speak hastily, blame

(sometimes with acc.; frequently used of religious mendicants): Intens.

“aṭāṭyate”, to roam or wander about zealously or habitually, especially as a

religious mendicant: Desid. “aṭiṭiṣati”, to be desirous of roaming.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

aṭ 1 P. (rarely A.) (aṭati, āṭa, aṭituṁ, aṭita). To wander or roam about (with

loc.); roam over (sometimes with acc.); bho baṭo bhikṣāmaṭa Sk. go to beg

alms; āṭa naikaṭikāśramān Bk. 4. 12; mahīmaṭan Dk. 38 –desid. aṭiṭiṣati; —

freq. aṭāṭyate to wander about habitually, as a religious mendicant.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

aṭh 1 U. To go.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

aḍ 1 P. To try, exert, attempt.

(5) P. To pervade, attain (Ved.).

discern ; to attack

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

aḍḍ 1 P.

(1) To join.

(2) To attack.

(3) To argue, infer, discern, meditate.

(another form of “an” q.v.; in this sense regarded in the Dhātu-pāṭha as a

distinct root)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

aṇ 1 P. To sound.

(2) (4A) To breathe, live (for an).

go, move, tend; to honour; to make round or curved; to request, ask ; to

speak indistinctly see 2. “acita, aciṣṭu”.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ac a technical term for all the vowels

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ac 1 U. (acati, –aṁcati, ānaṁca, aṁcituṁ, akta)

(1) To go, move; to honour; request, ask &c. &c.; connected with aṁc q.

v. –c m. (Gram.) A term for vowels.

propel, throw, cast: Desid. “ajijiṣati”, to be desirous of driving ([cf. Gk.

[greek]; Lat. ‘ago’]).

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

aj 1 P. (optionally replaced by the root vī in non-conjugational tenses; ajati,

ājīt, ajituṁ)

(1) To go.

(2) To drive, lead.

(3) To throw, cast (used with prepositions found only in Vedic literature).

[cf. L. ago; Gr. ago; Zend az].

meaning “extraordinary”, (g. “ūry-ādi”, q.v.)

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

at cl.1.P. ā. “atati” (; p. “atat” or “atamāna”), to go constantly, walk, run ; to

obtain

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

at 1 P. (aṁti), atati, atituṁ, atta-atita

(1) To go, walk; wander, to go constantly.

(2) To obtain (mostly Ved.)

(3) To bind.

(4) (aṁtati) To bind.

ropayati”, to raise, place above.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

adhiruh 1 P.

(1) To ascend, mount (a throne, hill &c.); go up to, find access to, sit in

or on (acc.); pādāhataṁyadutthāya mūrddhānamadhirohati Śi. 2. 46;

purādhirūḍhaḥ śayanaṁ mahādhanaṁ Ki. 1. 38. lying on; turagādhirūḍhaṁ

R. 7. 37 riding a horse; 12. 104; baṁdhujanādhirūḍhairgajānāṁ vṛṁdaiḥ

Ku. 7. 52 mounted or seated on; yogādhirūḍhāḥ R. 13. 52; engaged or lost

in contemplation; so Pt. 1; sadyaḥ parasparatulāmadhirohatāṁ dve R. 5. 68

bear or acquire; pratijñāṁ- enter on; kīrtirdyāmadhirohati Śi. 2. 52.;

sarvamanorathānāmagramivādhirūḍhā K. 158 mounted on the summit or

pinnacle; tvāṁ dhūriyaṁ yogyatayādhirūḍhā Ki. 3. 50 this responsibility lies

on your shoulders.

(2) To string; adhirohati gāṁḍīvaṁ maheṣau Ki. 13. 16.

(3) (Intran.) To rise or grow over or above. –Caus. [roha -(pa) yati]

(1) To raise, place, seat, cause to mount or ascend; tāḥ

svamaṁkamadhiropya R. 19. 44 having placed or seated; Śi. 12. 46.

(2) To restore, give back; purāṇaśobhāmadhiropitāyāṁ (vasatau) R. 16.

42 restored to its former grandeur.

(3) To string (as a bow); kārmukaṁ ca balinādhiropitam R. 11. 81.

(4) To give, confer &c.; udāraka iti prītalokādhiropitāparaślādhyanāmani

Dk. 50.

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

adhiruh a. (At the end of comp.) Growing on; dharaṇiruhādhiruho latāyāḥ Śi.

7. 46.

approach, visit, arrive; to practise, observe, obey, imitate; to enter into; to

die out, be extinguished: Caus. “-gamayati”, to imitate cause to die out.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

anugam 1 P.

(1) To go after, follow, attend, accompany; anabhijño guṇānāṁ yo na

bhṛtyairanugamyate Pt. 1. 73; odakāṁtātsnigdho jano’nugaṁtavyaḥ S. 4;

kekāravairanugamyamāno bhūṣaṇaninādaḥ K. 84; mārgaṁ

manuṣyeśvaradharmapatnī śruterivārthaṁ smṛtiranvagacchat R. 2. 2;

chāyeva tāṁ bhūpatiranvagacchat 6; Ms. 12. 115; Ki. 5. 2.

(2) To follow, practise, observe, obey, act up to; pratiśbdaka iva

rājavacanamanugacchati jano bhayāt K. 104; pūrvairayamabhipreto gato

mārgo’nugamyate Ram.; viṣattau ca mahāṁlloke dhīratāmanugacchati H. 3.

44.

(3) To seek, wander through; kānanaṁ vāpi śailaṁ vā yaṁ

rāmo’nugamiṣyati Ram.; kṛtsnāṁ pṛthvīmanugacchata ibid. go in quest of.

(4) To come, arrive, approach, present oneself (as time); kāle tvanugate

Bhag.

(5) To answer or respond to; correspond with, be suitable to; imitate,

resemble; dhanuḥśriyaṁ gotrabhido’nugacchati Ki. 4. 36; āsphālitaṁ

yatpramadākarāgrairmṛdaṁgadhīradhvanimanvagacchat R. 16. 13; na cāpi

kādaṁbarīṁ lakṣmīranugaṁtumalaṁ K. 203.

(6) To go or die out, be extinguished; yadyeṣa ukhyo’gniranugacchet Śat.

Br.

(7) To enter into. –Caus. [–gamayati] To cause to follow, follow;

udgrīvairanugamitasya puṣkarasya M. 1. 21 followed or accompanied in

sound.

adhere, be attached to.

&c.: cl.4. P. “-iṣyati” id. &c., Caus. “-eṣayati” id.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

anviṣ 6 P. To desire, seek, search for or after, look out for, seek to get; ataḥ

siddhisametābhyāmubhābhyāmanviyeṣa saḥ R. 17. 47. (–4 P.) To seek,

search, look out for &c.; na ratnamanviṣyati mṛgyate hi tat Ku. 5. 45;

anveṣṭavyo yadasi bhuvane bhūtanāthaḥ śaraṇyaḥ U. 2. 13; to inquire,

investigate; kiṁ vṛthā tarkeṇa anviṣyate S. 5. –Caus. To seek, search &c;

yāmanveṣayatāṁ prayāṁti satataṁ sarve samāptiṁ guṇāḥ Bh. 3. 10.

away, take away, remove; to omit, diminish; to put away; to anticipate a

word &c. which occurs later (in a sentence); to bend (a bow); to detract,

debase, dishonour: Caus. “-karṣayati”, to remove, diminish, detract.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

apakṛṣ 1 P., 6 U.

(1)

(a) To draw back or away, draw off or aside, drag down, drag away,

take or carry off, take or draw out, extract; ānāyibhistāmapakṛṣṭanakrāṁ R.

16. 55 drawn out; daṁtāgrabhinnamapakṛṣya nirīkṣate ca Rs. 4. 14 pulling

off or back.

(b) To take or carry away, remove; dhairyaṁ śoko’pakarṣati Rām.;

kiṁtvanuṣṭhānanityatvaṁ svātaṁtryamapakarṣati U. 1. 8, Mv. 4. 33 prevents

or interferes with freedom of action; kṣātraṁtejopakarṣati Mv. 1. 32

destroys, robs one of.

(2) To diminish, decrease, omit; apakarṣedevaṁ yāvatpaṁcadaśa Suśr.

(3) To bend (as a bow); dhanuḥ śreṣṭhamapakṛṣya Mb.

(4) To lower or debase, dishonour, detract from, lessen the value of,

disparage; pīḍayan bhṛtyavargaṁ hi ātmānamapakarṣati Mb.

(5) To bring or draw backwards; anticipate (as a word in a sentence)

what occurs later on; agrimasūtrasthaṁ sarvatragrahaṇamihāpakṛṣyate P. IV.

1. 17 Com. –Caus. To remove, take away, lessen, diminish, detract from;

kāvyasyātmabhūtaṁ rasamapakarṣayaṁtaḥ kāvyasyāpakarṣakāḥ (doṣāḥ)

ucyaṁte S. D. 1.

debt to, owe

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

abhr 1 P. [abhrati, ānabhra, abhrita] To go, wander about; vaneṣvānabhra

nirbhayaḥ Bk. 4. 11; 14. 110.

“arjate”, to go , to stand firm , to procure ; to be of good health Caus.

“arjayati, -te”, (aor. “arjījat” to procure, acquire, obtain

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

arj 1 P. [arjati, ānarja, arjiṣyati, ārjīt, arjituṁ, ārjīta]

(1) To procure, secure, gain, earn, usually in the caus. in this sense;

pitṛdravyāvirodhena yadanyatsvayamarjitaṁ Y. 2. 118.

(2) To take up; ānarjurnṛbhujostrāṇi Bk. 14. 74. (10) P. or caus.

(1) To procure, acquire, obtain; svayamarjita, svārjita obtained by one’s

own exertions, self-acquired.

(2) To work or manufacture make, prepare (satoguṇāṁtarādhānaṁ). —

WITH ati 1. to allow, permit, let go. –2. to remove, despatch, make away

with. –anu to let go, set free, deliver. –api to add to. –anvava 1. to cause to

go after or in a particular direction. –2. to visit with any thing, overcome. —

apyati to add, append; say something in addition to what is already said. —

ava to permit to leave, release, let go. –ud to drive out, remove. –pra caus.

to furnish, supply, procure.

moved, be scattered (as dust), R iv, 17, 2 and vii, 104, 24. cl.1. P. “ardati”

(“ardati”, “to go, move” to dissolve , (aor. “ārdīt” “anarda” to torment, hurt,

kill ; to ask, beg for (acc.) cl.7. “ṛṇatti”, to kill Caus. “ardayati” (Subj.

“ardayāsi”, Imper. 2. sg. ardaya, impf. “ādayat”, 2. sg. “ardayas”; aor.

“ārdidat”, or [after “ma”] ardayit to make agitated, stir up, shake vehemently

, to do harm, torment, distress &c. (generally used in perf. Pass. p. “ardita”

q.v.), to strike, hurt, kill, destroy Desid. “ardidiṣati”; [Lat. ‘ardeo’.]

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ard 1 P. [ardati, ānarda, ārdīt, ardituṁ, ardita or arṇa]

(1) To afflict, torment; strike, hurt, kill; rakṣaḥsahasrāṇi caturdaśārdīt Bk.

12. 56, see caus. below.

(2) To beg, request, ask; nirgalitāṁbugarbhaṁ śaradghanaṁ nārdati

cātakopi R. 5. 17.

(3) To go.

(4) To move, be agitated or moved; be scattered (as dust); fly in pieces,

dissolve (Ved.). (The past participle is usually ardita, but arṇa when the root

is preceded by abhi, ni, vi, saṁ; cf. P. VII. 2. 24-5). –Caus. (or 10 P.)

(1)

(a) To afflict, torment, distress; tata enaṁ mahāvegairardayāmāsa

tomaraiḥ Mb.; kāmārdita, kopa-, bhaya- &c.

(b) To strike, hurt, injure, kill; yenārdidat daityapuraṁ pinākī Bk. 2.

46; 9. 19; 15. 90.

(2) To stir up, rouse, agitate, shake vehemently, make agitated or

restless.

(3) To distort; ardayitvānilo vaktramarditaṁ janayatyataḥ Suśruta. —

WITH ati to torment excessively, fall upon or attack; atyārdīt vālinaḥ putraṁ

Bk. 15. 115. –abhi to distress, afflict, pain, oppress; abhyardito vṛṣalaḥ

(śītena pīḍitaḥ) P. VII. 2. 25 Sk. –ni Ved. to stream forth, flow out. –pra to

overwork, to work or exert oneself beyond measure; to cause to flow away.

–prati to oppress or press hard in return, assail in return, return an attack.

–vi Ved. to go or move away; to oppress, harass, pain. (–caus.) to cause to

be scattered or disolved, destroy, annihilate. –saṁ caus. to pain greatly,

wound, distress.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

arb 1 P. (arbati, ānarba, arbituṁ)

(1) To go towards.

(2) To kill, hurt.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

arv 1 P. To kill.

Inf. “arhase” [ x 77, 1]; perf. 3. pl. “ānarhuḥ” “ānṛhuḥ” [cf. “ānṛcuḥ, arc”] to

deserve, merit, be worthy of, to have a claim to, be entitled to (acc.), to be

allowed to do anything (Inf.); to be obliged or required to do anything

(acc.); to be worth, counterbalance, to be able; (“arhase”, 2. sg. with an Inf.

is often used as a softened form of Imper.; e.g. “dātum arhasi”, “be pleased

to give”; “śrotum arhasi”, “deign to listen”, for śṛiṇu): Caus. (Opt. “arhayet” ;

aor, “ārjihat” to honour. Desid. “arjihiṣati” ([cf. Gk. [greek] ]).

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

arh 1 P. [arhati, arhituṁ, ānarha, arhita] (epic A. as rāvaṇo nārhate pūjāṁ

Ram.)

(1) To deserve, merit, be worthy of (with acc. or inf.); kimiva

nāyuṣmānamareśvarānnārhati S. 7; so daṁḍaṁ, prāyaścittaṁ, vadhaṁ &c.

(2) To have a right to, be entitled to, be allowed to do any thing (with

acc.); nanu garbhaḥ pitryaṁ rikthamarhati S. 6; na strī svātaṁtryamarhati

Ms. 9. 3; also with inf.; na sa tallabdhumarhati Ms. 8. 147; 11. 7, 18.

(3) To be obliged or required to do a thing, oft. implying duty or

obligation; nānyatstrī dātumarhati Y. 2. 49; imāṁ prasādayitumarhasi R. 1.

88.

(4) To be fit or deserve to be done; arthanā mayi bhavadbhiḥ

kartumarhati N. 5. 112; Dk. 137.

(5) To be equal to; be worth, na te gātrāṇyupacāramarhaṁti S. 3. 18 are

not equal to; sarve te japayajñasya kalāṁ nārhaṁti ṣoḍaśīṁ Ms. 2. 86; 3.

131.

(6) To be able, translateable by ‘can’; na me vacanamanyathā

bhavitumarhati S. 4; vināśamavyayasyāsya na kaścitkartumarhati Bg. 2. 17;

anudyogena tailāni tilebhyo nāptumarhati H. Pr. 30 cannot get.

(7) To worship, honour; see caus. below.

(8) (Used with inf. in the second pers. and sometimes in the third) arh

represents a mild form of command, advice or courteous request, and may

be translated by ‘pray’, ‘deign’, ‘be pleased to’, ‘will be pleased to’;

dvitrāṇyahānyarhasi soḍhumarhan R. 5. 25 pray wait &c; nārhasi me

praṇayaṁ vihaṁtuṁ 2. 58; taṁ saṁtaḥ śrotumarhaṁti 1. 10 will be pleased

or be good enough to listen to it; Ku. 6. 32; Ms. 1. 2; Bg. 10. 16, 2. 17; R.

1. 72; 1. 88; 3. 46. –Caus. or 10 P. To honour, worship; rājārjihattaṁ

madhuparkapāṇiḥ Bk. 1. 17; Ms. 3. 3, 119.

is evidently invented for the derivation of “alam” q.v.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

al 1 U. (alati-te, alituṁ, alita)

(1) To adorn.

(2) To be competent or able.

(3) To prevent, ward off; see alam.

“āvaḥ” [for 2. “āvaḥ” see “vṛ”]; perf. 3. sg. “āva”, 2. pl. “āva” “āvitha”; aor.

“avit”, 2. sg. “āvīs, avīs” and “aviṣas”, Imper. “aviṣṭu”, 2. sg. “aviḍḍhi” [once

“aviḍḍh” [six times in du. “aviṣṭam”, 3. du., 2. pl. “aviṣṭanā” Prec. 3. sg.

“avyās”, Inf. “avitave” ; Ved. ind. p. “āvyā” to drive, impel, animate (as a car

or horse) ; Ved.to promote, favour, (chiefly Ved.) to satisfy, refresh; to offer

(as a hymn to the gods) ; to lead or bring to (dat.: “ūtaye, vāja-sātaye,

kṣatrāya, svastaye”) ; (said of the gods) to be pleased with, like, accept

favourably (as sacrifices, prayers or hymns) , (chiefly said of kings or

princes) to guard, defend, protect, govern &c.: Caus. (only impf. “avayat”,

2. sg. “āvayas”) to consume, devour ([cf. Gk. [greek] Lat. ‘aveo’?]).

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

av 1 P. [avati, āva, āvīt, aviṣyati, avituṁ, avita or ūta]

(1) To protect, defend; yamavatāmavatāṁ ca dhuri sthitaḥ R. 9. 1;

pratyakṣābhiḥ prapannastanubhiravatu vastābhiraṣṭābhirīśaḥ S. 1. 1.

(2) To please, satisfy, give pleasure to; do good to; vikramastena

māmavati nājite tvayi R. 11. 75; na māmavati sadvīpā ratnasūrapi medinī. 1.

65.

(3) To like, wish, desire, love.

(4) To favour, promote, animate. (In the Dhātupāṭha several other

meanings are assigned to this root, but they are very rarely used in classical

literature; e. g. gati, kāṁti, avagama, praveśa, śravaṇa, svāmyartha or

sāmarthya, yācana, kriyā, dīpti, avāpti, grahaṇa, vyāpti, āliṁgana, hiṁsā,

ādāna, dahana, bhāva, bhāga and vṛddhi). –Caus. To consume, devour. —

WITH anu to encourage, inspire. –ud 1. to regard, attend to. –2. to wait for.

–3. to promote, impel. –upa 1. to cherish, behave friendly towards. –2. to

encourage. –saṁ 1. to satisfy, satiate. –2. to protect, maintain. [cf. L. aveo].

[e.g. ] or “-tartum” [e.g. ; ind. p. “-tīrya”) to descend into (loc. or acc.),

alight from, alight (abl.) ; to descend (as a deity) in becoming incarnate ; to

betake one’s self to (acc.), arrive at ; to make one’s appearance, arrive ; to be

in the right place, to fit ; to undertake: Ved. cl.6. P. (Imper. 2. sg. “-tira”;

impf. -atirat, 2. sg. “-atiras”, 2. du. “-atiratam”; aor. 2. sg. “-tārīs”) to

overcome, overpower Ved. cl.4. (p. fem. “-tīyatī”) to sink Caus. “-tārayati”

(ind. p. “-tārya”) to make or let one descend, bring or fetch down (acc. or

loc.) from (abl.) &c.; to take down, take off, remove, turn away from (abl. ;

“to set a-going, render current” see “ava-tārita” below; to descend(?)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

avatṝ 1 P.

(1) To descend, alight, come down; rathādavatatāra ca R. 1. 54, 13. 68;

vasan dadarśāvataraṁtamaṁbarāt Śi. 1. 1; yamunātaṭamavatīrṇaḥ Pt. 1;

meghapadavīmavatīrṇau svaḥ S. 7; kadaitadaṁvatariṣyati cakraṁmastakāt

Pt. 5; (fig. also); iti matireva na boṁdhapadavīmavatarati K. 289 fails to see;

vāgeva me nābhidheyaviṣayamavatarati trapayā 151 I cannot speak for very

shame

(2) To flow or run into, discharge contents, join (as a river); sāgaraṁ

varjayitvā kutra vā mahānadyavatarati S. 3; see avatīrṇa also.

(3) To enter, to enter into, to come to; M. 1. 22; Śi. 9. 32; tvadīyaṁ

deśamavatīrya M. 5.

(4) To begin, commence; avataratu bhavān Dk. 152; tatpreyasīmāhūya

saṁgītakamavatarāmi Dhūrt. 1.

(5) To present oneself, appear forth, come; prasabhamavatatāra

cittajanmā Ki. 10. 17.

(6) To descend (as a deity) into the world in the form of a mortal;

śāpāvatīrṇa Ks. 2. 21; munikanyā ca sā śāpāttasyāṁ jātāvavātarat 2. 31. Rāj.

T. 1. 130; 5. 66; viṣṇurevāvatīrṇosau Mārk. P.

(7) To get over, subdue, conquer; avatīrṇosmi yadrogamatidustaraṁ Ks.

21. 194; ava tasya balaṁ tira Rv. 10. 133. 5. –Caus.

(1) To cause to descend, bring or fetch down; mārge kathaṁcidavatārya

Mu. 3. 9; rathāt, vṛkṣāt, śūlāgrāt &c.

(2) To take down, put or set down; avatāraya salilasamīpaṁ K. 38;

mātrāṁ kakṣāṁtarādavatārya Pt. 1; svabhujādavatāritā R. 1. 34; avatāryatāṁ

rathaḥ V. 1.

(3) To take off, remove, withdraw, put aside; svagātrādavatārya

bhūṣaṇāni Mu. 2, 5; athāṁgarājādavatārya cakṣuḥ R. 6. 30,

athorudeśādavatārya pādaṁ Ku. 3. 11, Śi. 9. 36.

(4) To bring downwards.

(5) To bend down.

(6) To introduce, set a-going, make current, begin; tena vidyāvatāritā

Raj. T. 4. 485; tatra tayā satre’vatārite 2. 58.

“as”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

aṣ 1 U. [aṣati-te, aṣituṁ]

(1) To shlne.

(2) To go, move.

(3) To receive, take (trans.).

[greek] ?])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ikh, iṁkh 1 P. (ekhati, iṁkhati) To go, move; usually with pra, q. v.

Hib. ‘imchim’, “I go on, proceed, march?”])

agitate Caus. P. “iṅgayati”, to move, agitate, shake ; (in Gr.) to divide or

separate the members of a compound word, use a word or bring it into such

a grammatical relation that it is considered “iṅgya” see below ; ([cf. Hib. ‘ing’,

“a stir, a move.”])

make haste; to err ([])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

iṭ 1 P. [eṭati, iṭita]

(1) To go, go to or towards.

(2) To err.

(3) To make haste (Ved.).

[Goldst.]; perhaps = “und”, “to drop?” (the meaning “to be powerful” seems

to be given by native lexicographers merely for the etymology of the word

“indra” q.v.)

search cl.4. P. “iṣyati” and 9. P. ā. “iṣṇāti” (p. “iṣṇat” “iṣṇāna” ; pf. 3. pl.

“īṣus” “īṣire” ; “aiṣīt”; inf. “iṣadhyai” to cause to move quickly, let fly, throw,

cast, swing ; to send out or off, stream out, pour out, discharge; to deliver (a

speech), announce, proclaim ; to impel, incite, animate, promote

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

iṣ ifc. mfn. moving quickly, speedy. see “aram-iṣ”.

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

iṣ cl.6.P., ep. and Ved. also ā. “ic-chati” (Subj. “icchāt” , “icchate” ( xi, 5, 17;

impf. “aicchat, iyeṣa” and “īṣe, eṣiṣyate, aiṣīt, eṣitum” or “eṣṭum”), to

endeavour to obtain, strive, seek for ; to endeavour to make favourable; to

desire, wish, long for, request; to wish or be about to do anything, intend

&c.; to strive to obtain anything (acc.) from any one (abl. or loc.); to expect

or ask anything from any one &c.; to assent, be favourable, concede ; to

choose ; to acknowledge, maintain, regard, think Pass. “iṣyate”, to be

wished or liked; to be wanted &c.; to be asked or requested; to be

prescribed or ordered ; to be approved or acknowledged; to be accepted or

regarded as &c.; to be worth; to be wanted as a desideratum see 2. “iṣṭi”:

Caus. “eṣayati”, (in surg.) to probe Desid. “eṣiṣiṣati”; [with “iṣ” cf. Old Germ.

‘eiscom’, “I ask”; Mod. Germ. ‘heische’; Angl. Sax. ‘asciani’ cf. also Gk.

[greek]; Lith. ‘jeskoti’; Russ. ‘iskate’, “to seek.”]

[4] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

iṣ mfn. ifc. seeking for (see “gav-iṣ, paśv-iṣ”, &c.)

[5] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

iṣ f. wish ([cf. “iṭ-cara”]).

[6] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

iṣ f. anything drunk, a draught, refreshment, enjoyment

f. libation

f. the refreshing waters of the sky

f. sap, strength, freshness, comfort, increase

f. good condition, affluence

[7] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

iṣ I. 6 P. (icchati, iyeṣa, aiṣīt, eṣituṁ-eṣṭuṁ, iṣṭa)

(1) To wish, desire, long for; icchāmi saṁvardhitamājñayā te Ku. 3. 3;

oft. with pot. or imperat. mood; icchāmi bhuṁjīta or bhuṁktāṁ bhavān;

bhuṁjīyetīcchati Sk.

(2) To choose; mūtreṇa mauṁḍyamicchet tu kṣatriyaṁ daṁḍameva vā

Ms. 8. 384.

(3) To endeavour to obtain, strive or seek for; bhūtimicchatā, svargaṁ

&c.

(4) To be willing, be about to do anything, mean or intend (with. inf.).

(5) To ask or expect anything (acc.) from any one (loc. or abl.); deveṣu

yajñe bhāgamīṣire Śat. Br.

(6) To acknowledge, regard.

(7) To request, ask.

(8) To be favourable.

(9) To try to make favourable. (10) To assent or consent. –pass.

(1) To be wished or liked.

(2) To be asked, or requested.

(3) To be prescribed or laid down; hastacchedanamiṣyate Ms. 8. 322;

trirātraṁ daśarātraṁ vā śāvamāśaucamiṣyate Y. 3. 18.

(4) To be approved, accepted, or regarded as; jaṁbho daṁtepi ceṣyate

Trik. –II. 4 P. (iṣyati, iyeṣa, eṣiṣyati, eṣituṁ)

(1) To move; to cause to move.

(2) To let fly, cast, throw.

(3) To raise (as one’s voice).

(4) To sprinkle. –III. 9 P. (iṣṇāti)

(1) To cause to move quickly, let fly, cast.

(2) To fly off, escape.

(3) To strike, smite.

(4) To impel, urge, incite, animate, promote. –IV. 1 U. (eṣati-te, aiṣīt-

aiṣiṣṭa) To go, move.

[8] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

iṣ a.

(1) Speedy, going quickly.

(2) Wishing, desirous. –f. Ved.

(1) A draught, refreshment, food.

(2) Libation.

(3) Strength, power, sap, freshness.

(4) Comfort; increase.

(5) Affluence.

(6) Refreshing waters of the sky.

(7) Wish.

see, look, view, behold, look at, gaze at; to watch over (with acc. or rarely

loc.) &c.; to see in one’s mind, think, have a thought &c.; to regard,

consider ; to observe (the stars &c.) ; to foretell for (dat.; lit. to observe the

stars for any one) Caus. “īkṣayati”, to make one look at (with acc.) (This

root is perhaps connected with “akṣi” q.v.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

īkṣ 1 A. (īkṣate, īkṣāṁcakre, aikṣiṣṭa, īkṣituṁ, īkṣitvā, īkṣita)

(1) To see, behold, view, perceive, observe, look or gaze at.

(2) To regard, consider, look upon; sarvabhūtasthamātmānaṁ … īkṣate

yogayuktātmā Bg. 6. 29.

(3) To take into account, care for; nābhijanamīkṣate K. 104, na

kāmavṛttirvacanīyamīkṣate Ku. 5. 82.

(4) To think, reflect; tatteja aikṣata bahu syāṁ prajāyeya Ch. Up.

(5) To require; Pt. 1. 151.

(6) To look to, or to investigate, the good or bad luck of any one (with

dat. of the person); kṛṣṇāya īkṣate gargaḥ Sk. (śubhāśubhaṁ paryālocayati);

Bk. 8. 76 –With adhi to suspect; satyepyapāyamadhīkṣate H. 4. 102 v. l. —

anvava 1. to see, behold. –2. to consider. –3. to care for, take into account.

“īkhitum”, to go, move

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

īkh, īṁkh 1 P. (īṁkhati, īṁkhāṁcakre, īṁkhituṁ, īṁkhita) To go, move,

vacillate. –Caus.

(1) To move backwards and forwards, swing, oscillate.

(2) To shake, cause to tremble.

iṅkhitum” or “īṅkhitum”) to go, move Caus. “īṅkhayati”, to move backwards

and forwards, move up and down, swing

or censure (cf. “apej” and “sam-īj”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

īj –īṁj 1 A.

(1) To go.

(2) To censure, blame.

“īrkṣyati” ; to envy, feel impatient at another’s prosperity (with dat.): Desid.

“īrṣyiṣiṣati” or “īrṣyiyiṣati” on

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

īrṣy, īrkṣy 1 P. (īrṣyati, īrṣyāṁcakāra, īrṣyituṁ, īṣyiṁta) To envy, be jealous

of, be impatient of the success of (with dat. of person); haraye īrṣyati Sk.; Śi.

8. 36.

to fly away, escape ; to attack, hurt ; to glean, collect a few grains; to look

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

īṣ ind. a Nidhana or concluding chorus at the end of a Sāman

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

īṣ 1 U. (īṣati-te, aiṣīt, īṣituṁ, īṣita)

(1) To fly away, escape.

(2) To creep along.

(3) To glean, collect a few grains.

(4) To look, see.

(5) To give.

(6) To attack, hurt, kill.

endeavour to obtain; to aim at, attempt; to long for, desire; to take care of;

to have in mind, think of (with acc.) Caus. “īhayati”, to impel.

[Page 171,3]

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

īh 1 A. (īhate, īhāṁcakre, aihiṣṭa, īhiṣyate, īhituṁ, īhita (

(1) To wish, desire, long for; have in mind, think of with acc or inf.);

īhaṁte … arthasaṁcayān Bg. 16. 12, 7. 22; Ms. 4. 15, 3. 126; aihiṣṭa taṁ

kārayituṁ kṛtātmā Bk. 1. 11.

(2) To endeavour to obtain.

(3) To aim at or attempt, endeavour, strive; mādhuryaṁ madhubiṁdunā

racayituṁ kṣārāṁbudherīhate Bh. 2. 6; Y. 2. 116.

(4) To take care of. –Caus. To impel, urge.

in ‘full’.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

u ind. an interjection of compassion, anger ; a particle implying assent,

calling, command

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

u ind. an enclitic copula used frequently in the Vedas; (as a particle implying

restriction and antithesis, generally after pronominals, prepositions, particles,

and before “nu” and “su”, equivalent to) and, also, further; on the other hand

(especially in connexion with a relative e.g. “ya u”, he on the contrary who

&c.) This particle may serve to give emphasis, like “id” and “eva”, especially

after prepositions or demonstrative pronouns, in conjunction with “nu, vai,

hi, cid”, &c. (e.g. “ayam u vām purutamo”.. “johavīti” [ iii, 62, 2], this very

person [your worshipper] invokes you &c.) It is especially used in the figure

of speech called Anaphora, and particularly when the pronouns are repeated

(e.g. “tam u stuṣa indram tam gṛṇīṣe” [ ii, 20, 4], him I praise, Indra, him I

sing). It may be used in drawing a conclusion, like the English “now” (e.g.

“tad u tathā na kuryāt” [ v, 2, 2, 3], that now he should not do in such a

manner), and is frequently found in interrogative sentences (e.g. “ka u tac

ciketa” [ i, 164, 48], who, I ask, should know that?) Pāṇini calls this particle

“uṇ” to distinguish it from the interrogative “u”. In the Pada-pāṭha it is

written “ūm”. In the classical language “u” occurs only after “atha, na”, and

“kim”, with a slight modification of the sense, and often only as an expletive

(see “kim”); “u” – “u” or “u” – “uta”, on the one hand – on the other hand;

partly – partly; as, well – as.

[4] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

u cl.5.P. “unoti” (see “vy-u” cl.2. ā. (1. sg. “uve” cl.1. ā. “avate” ; to call to,

hail; to roar, bellow (see also “ota” = “ā-uta”).

[5] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

u m. N. of śiva

m. also of Brahman

[6] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

u I. 1 A. (avate, ūve, auṣṭa, otuṁ, uta]

(1) To sound, make a noise.

(2) To roar, bellow (as a bull &c.). –II. 5P. (unoti) Ved. To ask, demand.

“vavakṣa” &c. see “vakṣ”]; “aukṣat” and “aukṣīt, ukṣitum”) to sprinkle,

moisten, wet &c.; to sprinkle or scatter in small drops; to emit; to throw

out, scatter (as sparks) &c.; to emit seed (as a bull); to be strong Caus. ā.

“ukṣayate”, to strengthen ([cf. Lith. ‘Ukana’: Hib. ‘uisg’, ‘uisge’, “water, a

river”; ‘uisgeach’, “aquatic, watery, fluid, moist, pluvial:” Gk. [greek]: Lat.

‘uveo’ (for ‘ugveo’), ‘Umor’, &c.])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ukṣ mfn. ifc. dropping, pouring see “bṛhad-ukṣ”

mfn. becoming strong see “sākam-ukṣ”.

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ukṣ 1. 6. U. (ukṣati, ukṣāṁcakāra, vavakṣa-kṣe Ved., aukṣīt, ukṣituṁ, ukṣita)

(1) To sprinkle, wet, moisten, pour down upon; aukṣan

śoṇitamaṁbhodāḥ Bk. 17. 9, 3. 5; Śi. 5. 30; R. 11. 5, 20; Ku. 1. 54.

(2) To emit, send forth.

(3) To scatter, throw out (as sparks).

(4) To clean, purify.

(5) To grow up, become strong (Ved.).

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ukh, uṁkh 1 P. (okhati, uṁkhati, uvokha or uṁkhāṁcakāra, okhita,

uṁkhita) To go, move.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

uṭh = ūṭh 1 P. (oṭhati, uvoṭha, oṭhīt uṭhituṁ, uṭhita)

(1) To go.

(2) To strike or knock down.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

uch cl.1.P. “ucchati, ucchāṁ-cakāra, ucchitum”, &c., to finish; to bind; to

abandon, transgress

3-1, 38; 3. pl. “ūṣuḥ” on , “oṣitā, oṣiṣyati, auṣīt” cl.9. P. (p. “uṣṇat” to

burn, burn down (active) ; to punish, chastise Pass. “uṣyate, oṣāṁ-cakre”, to

burn (neuter)

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

uṣ f. (only “as” gen. sg.) early morning, dawn

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

uṣ f. (“uṣas tisraḥ” f. pl. morning, midday, and evening

[4] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

uṣ 1.

[5] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

uṣ 1 P. (oṣati, uvoṣa, oṣāṁcakāra, oṣita-uṣita-uṣṭa)

(1) To burn, consume; oṣāṁcakāra kāmāgnirdaśavaktramaharniśaṁ Bk.

6. 1, 14. 62; Ms. 4. 189.

(2) To punish, chastise; daṁḍenaiva tamapyoṣet Ms. 9. 273.

(3) To kill, injure.

[Page 221,1]

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

uh 1 P. (ohati, uvoha; uhita) To hurt or give pain.

(2) To kill, destroy; see ūh.

q.v.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ūy 1 A. [ūyate, ūta] To weave, sew.

measure ; to play, be cheerful ; to taste

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ūrd = urd q. v.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ūṣ 1 P. (uṣati, ūṣita) To be diseased or disordered; be ill.

(connected with “vah”, q.v., and in some forms not to be distinguished from

it), to push, thrust, move, remove (only when compounded with

prepositions); to change, alter, modify on

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ūh cl.1.P. ā. “ūhati, -te” (Ved. “ohate”), “ūhāṁ-cakāra”, &c. (by native

authorities not distinguished from 1. “ūh” above ), to observe, mark, note,

attend to, heed, regard ; to expect, hope for, wait for, listen for ; to

comprehend, conceive, conjecture, guess, suppose, infer, reason, deliberate

upon &c.: Caus. “ūhayati” (aor. “aujihat”), to consider, heed ; to cause to

suppose or infer

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ūh I. 1 U. (ūhati-te, ūhāṁcakāra-vakre, ūhituṁ, ūhita)

(1) To note, mark, observe.

(2) To guess, conjecture, infer; anuktamapyūhati paṁḍito janaḥ Pt. 1.

43.

(3) To comprehend, conceive, perceive, expect; ūhāṁcakre jayaṁ na ca

Bk. 14. 72, 3. 48, 15. 123.

(4) To reason, deliberate about.

(5) To reckon upon (with loc.).

(6) To wait for.

(7) To be regarded as. -II. 1 P.

(1) To change or modify.

(2) To push, thrust, remove (with a prep.) –Caus. To cause to reason,

think, infer or conjecture; Ki. 16. 19.

the sound of “ri” in “merrily”).

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ṛ ind. an interjection expressing laughter ; a particle implying abuse ; a

sound inarticulate or reiterated as in stammering

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ṛ m. heaven

[4] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ṛ f. N. of Aditi

[5] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ṛ cl.1.3.5.P. “ṛcchati, iyarti, ṛṇoti”, and “ṛṇvati” (only Ved.); “āra, ariṣyati,

ārat”, and “ārṣīt”, to go, move, rise, tend upwards &c.; to go towards, meet

with, fall upon or into, reach, obtain &c.; to fall to one’s share, occur, befall

(with acc.) &c.; to advance towards a foe, attack, invade ; to hurt, offend ;

to move, excite, erect, raise, (“iyarti vācam”, he raises his voice ; “stomān

iyarmi”, I sing hymns Caus. “arpayati”, to cause to move, throw, cast &c.;

to cast through, pierce ; to put in or upon, place, insert, fix into or upon,

fasten &c.; to place on, apply &c.; to direct or turn towards &c.; to deliver

up, surrender, offer, reach over, present, give &c.; to give back, restore

&c.: Ved. Intens. “alarti” ; (2. sg. “alarṣi” ; to move or go towards with speed

or zeal: Class. Intens. ā. “arāryate” ( 7-4, 30), to wander about, haste

towards ; ([cf. Gk. [greek] &c.: Zend ‘ir’: Lat. ‘or-ior’, ‘re-mus’, ‘aro’: Goth.

‘argan’: Angl. Sax. ‘ar’: Old High Germ. ‘ruo-dar’, ‘ar-an’: Lith. ‘ir-ti’, “to row”;

‘ar-ti’, “to plough.”])

[6] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ṛ ind. An interjection of

(1) calling;

(2) ridicule;

(3) censure or abuse;

(4) used at the beginning of a sentence.

[7] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ṛ I. 1 P. (ṛcchati, āra, ārṣīt, ariṣyati, ṛta; caus. arpayati; desid. aririṣati)

(1) To go, move; aṁbhaśchāyāmacchāmṛcchati Śi. 4. 44.

(2) To rise, tend towards. –II. 3 P. (iyarti, ārat, ṛta) (Mostly used in the

Veda)

(1) To go.

(2) To move, shake.

(3) To obtain, gain, acquire, reach, meet with.

(4) To move, excite, raise (as voice, words &c.) vācamiyarti.

(5) To display. –III. 5 P. (ṛṇoti, ṛṇa)

(1) To injure, hurt.

(2) To attack. –Caus. (arpayati, ārpipat, arpita)

(1) To throw, cast, fling; fix or implant in; hṛdi śalyamarpitaṁ R. 8. 87.

(2) To put or place on, fix upon, direct or cast towards (as the eye &c.);

vāmaprakoṣṭhārpitahemavetraḥ Ku. 3. 41; S. 6. 5, 17, 3. 26; R. 17. 79; S. 6.

8; Bk. 5. 90; Ku. 6. 11; R. 15. 77; Bg. 8. 7, 12. 14; karapallavārpita Śi. 9.

54.

(3) To place in, insert, give, set or place; apathe padamarpayaṁti hi R. 9.

74, 78; citrārpitāṁ S. 6. 15 drawn in a picture; R. 2. 31; dvāradeśe Amaru.

62; V. 4. 35; Mu. 7. 6; Bh. 3. 18; lokottaraṁ caritamarpayati pratiṣṭhāṁ R.

G.

(4) To hand or make over, give to, give in charge of, consign, deliver; iti

sūtasyābharaṇānyarpayati S. 1, 4. 19; Bk. 8. 118; Y. 2. 65.

(5) To give up, sacrifice (as the inherent sense); atra

kaliṁgagaṁgāśabdau ātmānamarpayataḥ S. D. 2.

(6) To give back, restore; R. 19. 10; Bk. 15. 16; Amaru. 94; Ms. 8. 191;

Y. 2. 169.

(7) To pierce through, perforate, penetrate.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ṛṇj cl.6.P. (p. “ṛṇjat”) ā. “riṇjate”: cl.4. P. ā. (see “abhy-ṛṇj”): cl.7. ā. (3. pl.

“ṛṇjate”) to make straight or right, make proper, arrange, fit out, decorate,

ornament; to make favourable, propitiate; to gain, obtain ; ([cf. Gk. [greek];

Lat. ‘rego’; Goth. ‘rak-ja’.])

firm; to obtain, acquire; to be strong or healthy: Caus. “arjayati”, to obtain,

get, acquire ; ([cf. “arj”, p.90, col.1.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ṛj 1 A. (arjate, ārjiṣṭa, arjituṁ, ṛjita)

(1) To go.

(2) To obtain, acquire.

(3) To stand or be firm.

(4) To be healthy or strong. –II. 1 P. To acquire, earn; cf. arj.

quick motion ; to bring near by flowing ; ([cf. Gk. [greek] (?); [characters],

“flowing back”; [characters], “darting back.”])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ṛṣ cl.6.P. “ṛṣati, ānarṣa, arṣitā”, to go, move ; to stab, kill ; to push, thrust.

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ṛṣ I. 6 P. (ṛṣati, ārṣīt, ānarṣa, arṣituṁ, ṛṣṭa)

(1) To go, approach.

(2) To kill, injure, pierce.

(3) To push. –II. 1 P. (arṣati)

(1) To flow.

(2) To glide.

cheat

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

eṭh 1 A. (eṭhate, eṭhituṁ, eṭhita) To annoy, resist, oppose.

ejitā”, to shine Caus. P. ā. “ejayati, -te”, to agitate, shake

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ej I. 1 A. (epic. P.) (ejate; ejāṁcakre, aijiṣṭa, ejituṁ, ejita)

(1) To tremble, shake.

(2) To move, stir; dhṛtarāṣṭroyamejati Mb.

(3) To shine (P.). –WITH apa to drive away. –ud to rise, go upwards.

aidhiṣṭa”, to prosper, increase, become happy, grow strong ; to grow big

with self-importance, become insolent; to become intense, extend, spread,

gain ground (as fire or passions) ; to swell, rise (as waters) Caus.

“edhayati”, to cause to prosper or increase, wish for the welfare or happiness

(of any one), bless

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

edh 1 A. (edhate, edhāṁcakre, aidhiṣṭa, e dhituṁ, edhita)

(1) To grow, increase; vināpi saṁgamaṁ strīṇāṁ kavīnāṁ sukhamedhate

Pt. 2. 164.

(2) To prosper, become happy, live in comfort. dvāvetau sukhamedhete

Pt. 1. 318.

(3) To grow strong, become great.

(4) To extend.

(5) To swell, rise. –Caus. To cause to grow or increase; to greet,

celebrate, honour; naididhaḥ svaparākramaṁ Bk. 15. 19; (tāṁ)

āśīrbhiredhayāmāsuḥ Ku. 6. 90. –Desid. edidhiṣate.

inf. “eṣe”), “-te, eṣāṁ-cakre, eṣitā”, &c., to go, move ; to creep, glide ; to

glide or hasten towards, attain, obtain

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

eṣ (“ā-īṣ”) P. ā. “-īṣati, -te”, to hasten near or towards, fly at; to endeavour

to reach or obtain; to desire, request

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

eṣ 1 U. (eṣati-te, eṣituṁ, eṣita)

(1) To go or approach.

(2) To hasten towards, fly at, attack any one.

(3) To endeavour to reach or gain.

(4) To request.

(5) To desire.

(6) To creep or glide.

suffice; to adorn; to refuse, ward off

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

okh 1 P. (okhati, okhāṁcakāra, okhituṁ, okhita)

(1) To be dry.

(2) To be able; be sufficient.

(3) To adorn or grace.

(4) To refuse.

(5) To ward off, prevent.

along

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

oṇ 1 P. (oṇati, oṇituṁ) To remove, take or drag along.

power

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

oj 1. 10. U. (ojati, ojayati, ojayituṁ, ojita)

(1) To be strong or able.

(2) To increase, grow.

aulaṇḍīt”, to throw out, eject (cf. “ulaḍ”.)

wish

Caus. “kakhayati”, to cause to laugh ([cf. Lat. ‘cachinnare’; Gk. [greek] O. H.

G. ‘huoch’; Germ. ‘haher’, ‘heher’; Eng. ‘cackle’.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kakh 1 P. (kakhati) To laugh at, deride.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kag 1 P. To act, perform.

“walking”; Lith. ‘kanku’, “to come to.”])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kaṭ cl.1.P. “kaṭati, cakāṭa, kaṭitā”, &c. to rain; to surround; to encompass,

cover, screen; to divide (cf. “cat”.)

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kaṭ, kaṁṭ 1 P. (kaṭati or kaṁṭati) To go.

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kaṭ 1 P. (kaṭati, akaṭīt, kaṭituṁ)

(1) To rain.

(2) To surround.

(3) To encompass, cover or screen.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kaṭh 1 P. (kaṭhati, akaṭhīt, kaṭhita) To live in distress; see kaṁṭh.

elated or intoxicated cl.6. P. “kaḍati”, to eat, consume Caus. “kāḍayati”, to

break off a part, separate, divide; to remove the chaff or husk of grain &c.;

to preserve (cf. “kaṇḍ”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kaḍ I. 1 U. (kaḍati-te, kaḍita)

(1) To be proud.

(2) To unhusk; cf. kaṁḍ.

(3) To be disturbed or confused. –II. 6 P. To eat, consume. –III. 10 U.

(1) To protect.

(2) To remove the chaff or husk of grain.

(3) To break off a part, separate or detach, tear.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kaḍḍ 1 P.

(1) To be hard or rough.

(2) To be harsh or severe.

and “kāṇc, kakṣa”; Lat. ‘cingere’.])

fetter; to shine ; ([cf. “kaṇc”; Lat. ‘cingere’; Lith. ‘kinkau’.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kac I. 1 P. (kacati, kacita) To sound, cry. –II. 1 U.

(1) To bind, fasten (with ā); tvaktra cācakace varaṁ Bk. 14. 94.

(2) To shine.

to grow (in this sense a Sautra root).

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kaj 1 P. (kajati)

(1) To be happy.

(2) To be confused with joy, pride, or sorrow.

(3) To grow (in the last sense a Sautra root.).

with praise, praise, celebrate ; xvi ; to flatter, coax ; to abuse, revile

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

katth 1 A. (katthate, katthita)

(1) To boast, swagger; kṛtvā katthiṣyate na kaḥ Bk. 16. 4;

kṛtvaitatkarmaṇā sarvaṁ katthethāḥ Mb.

(2) To praise, celebrate.

(3) To flatter or coax.

(4) To abuse, revile.

24 reads “cakāra”), to be confused, suffer mentally; to grieve; to confound;

to kill or hurt; to call; to cry or shed tears

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kad ind. (originally the neuter form of the interrogative pronoun “ka”), a

particle of interrogation (= Lat. ‘nonne’, “num”) ; anything wrong or bad (cf.

below); = “sukha” ; “kad” is used, like “kim”, with the particles “cana” and

“cid”, “sometimes, now and then”; “kac-cana” with the negation “na”, “in no

way or manner” ; “kac-cid” is also used, like the simple “kad”, as a particle of

interrogation (e.g. “kaccid dṛṣṭā tvayā rājan damayantī”, was Damayantī seen

by thee, O king?) “kaccid” may be translated by “I hope that”; at the

beginning of a compound it may mark the uselessness, badness or

defectiveness of anything, as in the following examples.

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kad I. 4 A. (kadyate) To be confounded or confused, to suffer mentally. –II.

1 A. (kadate) also 1 P.

(1) To cry, to weep or shed tears.

(2) To grieve.

(3) To call.

(4) To kill or hurt; see kaṁd.

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kad ind. [kad-kvip] Ved. A particle of interrogation, ‘where’. This particle

which is a substitute for the word ku is often used as the first member of a

comp. and expresses the senses of badness, littleness, deterioration,

uselessness, defectiveness &c. of anything.

— Comp.

–akṣaraṁ 1. a bad letter. –2. bad writing.

–agniḥ a little fire.

–adhvan a bad road.

–annaṁ bad food.

–apatyaṁ a bad child, bad posterity.

–abhyāsaḥ a bad habit or custom.

–artha a. 1. useless, unmeaning. –2. having what purpose or aim? (

–rthaḥ) a useless thing.

–arthanaṁ, –nā troubling, tormenting, torture.

–arthayati Den. P. 1. to despise, slight. –2. to trouble, torment; Bh.

3. 100; N. 8. 75.

–arthita a. 1. despised, disdained, slighted; kadarthitasyāpi hi

dhairyavṛtterna śakyate dhairyaguṇaḥ pramāṁrṣṭu Bh. 2. 106. –2.

tormented, teased; āḥ kadarthito’hamebhirvāraṁvāraṁ

vīrasaṁvādavighnakāribhiḥ U. 5. –3. insignificant, mean. –4. bad, vile.

–arthīkṛ 8 U. to disdain, despise.

–arthīkṛta a. 1. despised, disdained. –2. rendered useless and

unavailing.

–arya a. 1. avaricious, miserly. –2. little, insignificant, mean. –3.

bad, disagreeable. (

–ryaḥ) a miser; Ms. 4. 210, 224; Y. 1. 161. -tā-tvaṁ 1. avarice. –2.

insignificance. –3. badness. -bhāvaḥ avarice, stinginess.

–aśvaḥ a bad horse.

–ākāra a. deformed, ugly.

–ācāra a. following evil practices, wicked, depraved. (

–raḥ) bad conduct.

–iṁdriyaṁ a bad organ of sense.

–uṣṭraḥ a bad camel.

–uṣṇa (also koṣṇa) a. tepid, lukewarm. (

–ṣṇaṁ) lukewarmness.

–tṛṇaṁ 1. a fragrant grass. –2. the plant kuṁbhikā. –toyaṁ an

intoxicating drink, wine.

–tri m. pl. three inferior articles.

–rathaḥ a bad chariot or carriage; yudhi kadrathavadbhīmaṁ

babhaṁja dhvajaśālinaṁ Bk. 5. 103.

–vada a. 1. speaking ill or inaccurately or indistinctly; yena jātaṁ

priyāpāye kadvadaṁ haṁsakokilaṁ Bk. 6. 75; vāgvidāṁ varamakadvado

nṛpaḥ Śi. 14. 1. –2. vile, contemptible.

sg. “akāniṣam”, 2. sg. “kāniṣas” , to be satisfied or pleased ; to agree to,

accept with satisfaction ; to shine; to go Intens. P. (Subj. “cākanat”; Pot.

“cākanyāt”; pf. 1. sg. “cākana”); ā. (Subj. 3. pl. “cākananta” and “cakananta” ,

to be satisfied with, like, enjoy (with loc. gen., or instr.) ; to please, be liked

or wished for (with gen. of the person) ; to strive after, seek, desire, wish

(with acc. or dat.) ; ([cf. “kā, kai, kam, kvan”, and “can”: cf. also Zd. ‘-kan’;

Gk. [greek]; Angl. Sax. ‘hana’; Lat. ‘canus’, ‘caneo’, ‘candeo’, ‘candela’ (?);

Hib. ‘canu’, “full moon.”])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kan 1 P. Ved. (kanati, kaṁtuṁ).

(1) To be satisfied or contented.

(2) To love, wish.

(3) To shine.

(4) To go.

be confounded, confound (cf. 1. “kad, krand”.)

to praise (cf. “kav”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kab 1 P. (kabati, kabita)

(1) To colour.

(2) To praise.

placed after the word to which it belongs with an affirmative sense, “yes”,

“well” (but this sense is generally so weak that Indian grammarians are

perhaps right in enumerating “kam” among the expletives ; it is often found

attached to a dat. case, giving to that case a stronger meaning, and is

generally placed at the end of the Pāda, e.g. “ajījana oṣadhīr bhojanāya

kam”, thou didst create the plants for actual food ; “kam” is also used as an

enclitic with the particles “nu, su”, and “hi” (but is treated in the Pada-pāṭha

as a separate word; in this connection “kam” has no accent but once ; a

particle of interrogation (like “kad” and “kim”) ; (sometimes, like “kim” and

“kad”, at the beginning of compounds) marking the strange or unusual

character of anything or expressing reproach ; head ; food ; water ;

happiness, bliss

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kam cl.1.ā. (not used in the conjugational tenses) “cakame, kamitā,

kamiṣyate, acakamata” to wish, desire, long for &c.; to love, be in love

with, have sexual intercourse with Caus. ā. (ep. also P.) “kāmayate, -ti,

kāmayāṁ-cakre, acīkamata”, &c.; to wish, desire, long for (with acc. or inf.

or Pot. ; e.g. “kāmaye bhuṇjīta bhavān”, I wish your worship may eat;

“kāmaye dātum”, I wish to give &c.; to love, be in love with, have sexual

intercourse with &c.; to cause any one to love (in that sense P. ; (with

“bahu” or “aty-artham”) to rate or value highly Desid. “cikamiṣate” and

“cikāmayiṣate”: Intens. “caṁkamyate”; ([cf. Lat. ‘comis’; also ‘amo’, with the

loss of the initial, for ‘camo’; ‘cA-rus’ for ‘cam-rus’: Hib. ‘caemh’, “love,

desire; fine, handsome, pleasant”; ‘caomhach’, “a friend, companion”;

‘caomhaim’, “I save, spare, protect”; Armen. ‘kamim’.])

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kam ind. Ved. A particle used as an expletive or enclitic.

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kam 1. 10. A. (kāmayate, kāmita, cakabhe-kāmayāṁcakre, kāṁta)

(1) To love, be enamoured of, be in love with; kanye kāmayamānaṁ

māṁ na tvaṁ kāmayase kathaṁ Kāv. 1. 63 (an instance of grāmyatā);

kalahaṁsako maṁdārikāṁ kāmayate Mal. 1.

(2) To long for, wish, desire; na vīrasūśabdamakāmayetāṁ R. 14. 4;

niṣkraṣṭumarthaṁ cakame kuberāt 5. 26; 4. 48; 10. 53; Bk. 14. 82.

(3) To have intercourse with.

(4) To value highly.

akampiṣṭa, kampitā” ( x, 13), to tremble, shake &c.: Caus. P. ā. “kampayati,

-te”, to cause or make to tremble, shake ; to pronounce in a tremulous

manner (i.e. with a thrill or shake): Desid. “cikampiṣate”: Intens.

“caṁkampyate, caṁkampti”; ([cf. Gk. [greek], Hib. ‘cabhog’, “astening.”])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

karj 1 P. (karjati, karjita) To pain, make uneasy, distress.

make any unpleasant noise (cf. “pard”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kard 1 P. (kardati, kardita)

(1) To rumble (as the bowels).

(2) To caw (as a crow).

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

karb 1 P. (karbati) To go, move, approach.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

karv 1 P. (karvati, karvita) To be proud, boast.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kall 1 A. (kallate, kallita)

(1) To sound indistinctly.

(2) To sound.

(3) To be mute.

self (pr. p. ā. “kaṣamāṇa”) ; to itch (ā.) ; to rub with a touchstone, test, try

on ; to injure, hurt, destroy, kill ; to leap (v.l.): Caus. P. “kāṣayati”, to hurt

(v.l.); ([cf. Gk. [greek]. ])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kaṣ I. 1 U. (kaṣati-te, kaṣita)

(1) To rub, scratch, scrape; samūlakāṣaṁ kaṣati Sk; Bk. 3. 49.

(2) To test, try, rub on a touch-stone (as gold); chadahema

kaṣannivālasatkaṣapāṣāṇanibhe nabhastale N. 2. 69.

(3) To injure, destroy.

(4) To itch.

(5) To leap. –II. 10 P. (kāṣayati) To hurt.

(v.l. for “kaṁs, kas, jhaṣ, śaś” see “kaṣ”).

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kaś 1 P. To sound.

“śuśubhe” to beam, shine Intens. “canīkasīti, canīkasyate” (cf. “kaś, kaṁs,

niḥ-kas”, and “vi-kas”.)

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kas “kaste” v.l. for “kaṁs, kaṁste”

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kas in the Bhāṣā = “kṛṣ”

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kas I. 1 P. (kasati, kasita) To move, go, approach. –II. 2 A. (kaste or

kaṁste) To go.

(2) To destroy.

also ā. “-te”, to wish, desire, long for, hope for (with acc.), expect, wait for,

await (with acc.), strive to obtain, look for anything (dat.) Caus. “kāṅkṣayati,

acakāṅkṣat” on Desid. “cikāṅkṣiṣati”: Intens. “cākāṅkṣyate” and “cākāṁṣṭi”.

to shine, be brilliant, have an agreeable appearance cl.4. “kāśyate” Intens.

P. ā. “cākaśīti, cākaśyate”, to shine brightly ; to see clearly, survey 1

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kāś 1. 4. A. (kāśa-śya-te, kāśita)

(1) To shine, look brilliant or beautiful; R. 10. 86, 7. 24; Ku. 1. 24; Bk. 2.

25; Śi. 6. 74.

(2) To appear, be visible; naiva bhūmirna ca diśaḥ pradiśo vā cakāśire

Mb.

(3) To appear, or look like.

āsa” , to cough (once P. Pot. “kāset”).

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kās f. cough

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kās 1 A. (kāsate, kāsita)

(1) To shine,; see kāś.

(2) To cough, make a sound indicating any disease.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kiṭ 1 P. (keṭati)

(1) To go or approach.

(2) To frighten, terrify.

(3) To fear, dread.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kīl 1 P.

(1) To bind.

(2) To pin.

(3) To stake.

speak” or “to shine”

[Page 287,1]

Caus. “kuṇcayati”, to curl, crisp, frounce on ([cf. Hib. ‘cuachaim’, “I fold,

plait”; ‘cuach’, “a curl”; ‘cuachach’, “curled.”])

to go ; to connect, mix ; to bend, make curved ; to be curved or crooked ; to

oppose, impede to mark with lines, write cl.6. P. “kucati”, to contract ; to

be or make small (cf. “kuṇc”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kuc I. 6 P. (kucati, kucita)

(1) To utter a shrill cry (as a bird).

(2) To go.

(3) To polish.

(4) To contract, bend.

(5) To be contracted.

(6) To stop, impede.

(7) To write or delineate.

(8) To mix, connect. –II. 1 P., kuṁc also (kocati, kuṁcati, kuṁcita)

(1) To make crooked, bend or curve.

(2) To move or go crookedly.

(3) To make small, lessen.

(4) To shrink, contract.

(5) To go to or towards.

“kuthnāti”, to cling to, twine round, embrace ; to injure ; ([cf. Lat. ‘quatio’,

‘percutio’.])

to proceed continuously or without interruption ; to count

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kul 1 P. (kolati, kulita)

(1) To accumulate, collect.

(2) To be related; behave as a kinsman.

(3) To proceed or go uninterruptedly.

(4) To count, reckon.

cl.6. “kuvate” ( xxviii, 108), or cl.9. P. ā. “kūnāti, kūnāte” (perf. 3. pl.

“cukuvur” , to sound, make any noise, cry out, moan, cry (as a bird), coo,

hum (as a bee) &c. cl.1. “kavate”, to move Intens. ā. “kokūyate” ( P. ā.

“kokavīti” and “cokūyate” ( 7-4, 63 , to cry aloud ; ([cf. Gk. [greek]. ])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kū ind. (= “kva”) where?

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kū f. a female Piśāca or goblin

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kū 1. 6 A. (kavate, kuvate); also ku 9 U. (ku-kū-nāti, ku-kū-nīte)

(1) To sound, make noise, cry out in distress; khagāścukuvire’śubhaṁ Bk.

14. 20; 1. 20; 14. 5; 15. 26; 16. 29.

draw together, contract, close ; xxxv, 42.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kūṇ 10 U. (kūṇayati-te, kūṇita)

(1) To speak, converse.

(2) To contract, close (said to be Atm. in this sense).

sound, utter a cry (as a bird), coo (as a pigeon), caw (as a crow), warble,

moan, groan, utter any indistinct sound &c.; “to fill with monotonous

sounds”, &c. see “kūjita”; to blow or breathe (the flute)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kūj 1. P. (kūjati, kūjita) To make any inarticulate sound, hum, coo, warble;

kūjaṁtaṁ rāma rāmeti madhuraṁ madhurākṣaraṁ Ram.; puṁskokilo

yanmadhuraṁ cukūja Ku. 3. 32; Rs. 6. 22; R. 2. 12; N. 1. 127.

(2) To moan, groan.

(3) To fill with sounds. –WITH ni, pari, or vi to coo, to make an indistinct

noise.

jump ā. “kūrdate”, to play

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kūrd 1 U. (kūrdati-te, kūrdita)

(1) To leap, jump.

(2) To frolic; vavraścurājughūrṇuśca syemuścukūrdire tathā Bk. 14. 77,

9; 15. 45.

“kūla”)

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kūl = 2. “kūḍ” q.v.

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kūl 1 P. (kūlati, kūlita)

(1) To cover, hide, screen, protect. –2 To enclose.

(3) To keep off, obstruct, prevent.

effecting, manufacturing, acting, one who accomplishes or performs

anything, author (see “su-k-, karma-k-, pāpa-k-“, &c.)

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṛt m. an affix used to form nouns from roots

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṛt m. a noun formed with that affix

[4] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṛt cl.6.P. “kṛntati”, ep. also ā. “-te” and cl.1. P. “kartati” (perf. “cakarta”, 2nd

fut. “kartsyati” or “kartiṣyati”, 1st fut. “kartitā” ; Subj. “kṛntat”; aor. “akartīt”,

Ved. 2. sg. “akṛtas”), to cut, cut in pieces, cut off, divide, tear asunder,

destroy &c.: Caus. “kartayati” id. Desid. “cikartiṣati” or “cikṛtsati” ; ([cf.

[characters]; Lith. ‘kertu’ inf. ‘kirsti’, “to cut”; Slav. ‘korju’, “to split”; Lat.

‘curtus’, ‘culter’; Hib. ‘ceartaighim’, “I prune, trim, cut”; ‘cuirc’, “a knife.”])

[5] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṛt cl.7.P. “kṛṇatti” (impf. 3. pl. “akṛntan”), to twist threads, spin = ( iii,

21); to wind (as a snake) f. “kṛntatī”); to surround, encompass, attire

[6] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṛt a. [kṛ-kvip] (Generally at the end of comp.) Accomplisher, doer, maker,

performer, manufacturer, composer &c.; pāpa-, puṇya-, pratimā- &c. –m.

(1) A class of affixes used to form derivatives (nouns, adjectives &c.)

from roots.

(2) A word so formed.

— Comp.

–aṁtaḥ a word ending with a kṛt affix.

–lopaḥ the rejection of kṛt affixes.

[7] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṛt I. 6 P. (kṛṁtati-kṛtta)

(1) To cut, cut off, divide, tear asunder, cut in pieces, destroy; praharati

vidhirmarmacchedī na kṛṁtati jīvitaṁ U. 3. 31, 35; Bk. 9. 42; 15. 97; 16.

15; Ms. 8. 12. –II. 7 P. (kṛṇatti, kṛtta)

(1) To spin.

(2) To surround, encompass.

(3) To attire.

“karkṣyati” or “krakṣy-; kṛṣiṣy-” ; “karṣṭā” or “kraṣṭā” ; aor. “akṛkṣat” [or

“akārkṣīt”] or “akrākṣīt”, iii, 1, 44 7; inf. “kraṣṭum”), to draw, draw to one’s

self, drag, pull, drag away, tear &c.; to lead or conduct (as an army) ; to

bend (a bow) ; to draw into one’s power, become master of, overpower ; to

obtain ; to take away anything (acc.) from any one (acc.) ; to draw or make

furrows, plough (ā.) (ind. p. “kṛṣṭvā”): cl.6. P. ā. “kṛṣati, -te” (p. “kṛṣat”), to

draw or make furrows, plough &c.; ā. to obtain by ploughing ; to travel

over Caus. “karṣayati”, to draw, drag (aor. 1. sg. “acikṛṣam”) ; to draw or

tear out ; to pull to and fro, cause pain, torture, torment &c.; “to plough”

see “karṣita”: Intens. (pr. p. and Subj. 3. sg. “carkṛṣat”; impf. 3. pl.

“acarkṛṣur”) to plough ; “carīkṛṣyate” or Ved. “karīk-“, to plough repeatedly

([cf. Lith. ‘karszu’, ‘pleszau’; Russ. ‘ceshu’; Lat. ‘verro’, ‘vello’; Goth. ‘falh’.])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṛṣ mfn. see “kaṁsa-k-“.

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṛṣ I. 6 U. (kṛṣati-te, kṛṣṭa) To plough, make furrows. –II. 1 P. (karṣati,

kṛṣṭa)

(1) To draw, drag, pull, drag away, tear; prasahya siṁhaḥ kila tāṁ

cakarṣa R. 2. 27; V. 1. 19.

(2) To draw towards oneself, attract; Bk. 15. 47; Bg. 15. 7.

(3) To lead or conduct as an army; sa senāṁ mahatīṁ karṣan R. 4. 32.

(4) To bend (as a bow); nātyāyataṣṭakṛśāṁrgaḥ R. 5. 50.

(5) To be come master of, subdue, vanquish, overpower;

balavāniṁdriyagrāmo vidvāṁsamapi karṣati Ms. 2. 215; nakraḥ

svasthānamāsādya gajeṁdramapi karṣati Pt. 3. 46.

(6) To plough, till; anulomakṛṣṭaṁ kṣetraṁ pratilomaṁ karṣati Sk.

(7) To obtain; kulasaṁkhyāṁ ca gacchaṁti karṣaṁti ca mahadyaśaḥ Mb.

(8) To take away from, deprive one of (with two acc.). –Caus.

(1) To draw out, tear up.

(2) To extract.

(3) To torture, torment, give pain.

(4) To plough, till, cultivate.

and “kalpsy-” [3. du. “kalpsyete” ; vv.ll. “kḷps-” and “klaps-“], or “kalpsyati”;

Cond. “akalpiṣyata”, or “-lpsyat”; 1st fut. “kalpitā” or “kalptā” [see ; aor.

“akḷpta” or “-pat”; pr. and perf. only ā. , to be well ordered or regulated, be

well managed, succeed &c.; to bear suitable relation to anything,

correspond, be adapted to, in accordance with, suitable to (instr.) &c.; to be

fit for (loc.) ; to accommodate one’s self to, be favourable to, subserve, effect

(with dat.) &c.; to partake of (dat.) &c.; to fall to the share, be shared or

partaken by (loc. dat. or gen. e.g. “yajṇo deveṣu kalpatām”, “let the sacrifice

be shared by the gods” ; to become (with nom.) ; (with dat. [ 2-3, 13 2] ;

to happen, occur ; to prepare, arrange ; to produce, cause, effect, create

(with acc.) ; to declare as, consider as (with double acc.) (perf. p.

“kḷptavat”): Caus. P. ā. “kalpayati, -te”, (aor. “acīkḷpat” or “cākḷpat” [ vi, 35,

3] Subj. “cīkḷpāti” , to set in order, arrange, distribute, dispose ; to bring into

suitable connection with ; to prepare, arrange &c.; to fit out, furnish with

(instr.) ; to help any one in obtaining anything (dat. or loc. or gen.) ; to fix,

settle ; to declare as, consider as (with double acc. e.g. “mātaram enāṁ

kalpayantu”, “let them consider her as their mother” &c.; to make, execute,

bring about &c.; to frame, form, invent, compose (as a poem &c.), imagine

; to perform (as a ceremony &c.) ; to trim, cut ; (in Prākṛit) ; to pronounce a

formula or verse which contains the “kḷp” ix: Desid. “cikḷpsati” or

“cikalpiṣate” ([cf. Goth. ‘hilpa’; Eng. ‘help’; Germ. ‘helfe’; Lith. ‘gelbmi’.])

[Page 308,3]

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kḷp 1 A. (kalpate, cakḷpe, akḷpat, akḷpta, akalpiṣṭ; kalpiṣyate, kalpsyati-te,

kalpituṁ, kaltpuṁ, kḷpta)

(1) To be fit or adequate for, result in, bring about, accomplish, produce,

tend to; (with dat.); kalpase rakṣaṇāya S. 5. 8; paścātputrairapahṛtabharaḥ

kalpate viśramāya V. 3. 1; vibhāvarī yadyaruṇāya kalpate Ku. 5. 44, 6. 29; 5.

79; Me. 55; R. 5. 13, 8. 40: S. 6. 23; Bk. 22. 21.

(2) To be well managed or regulated, to succeed.

(3) To become, happen, occur; kalpiṣyate hareḥ prītiḥ Bk. 16. 12; 9. 44,

45.

(4) To be prepared, be ready; cakḷpe cāśvakuṁjaraṁ Bk. 14. 89.

(5) To be favourable to, subserve.

(6) To partake of.

(7) To prepare, arrange.

(8) To produce, cause, effect, create (with acc.).

(9) To accommodate one’s self to. (10) To fall to the share. of. –Caus.

(kalpayati-te)

(1) To prepare, arrange, make ready, fit out; śayanamasyākalpayam K.

156; 157.

(2) To settle, fix upon, intend, design; kalpitā mūlyameteṣāṁ krūreṇa

bhavatā vayaṁ Mu. 5. 17.

(3) To make, offer; Mu. 6. 20; R. 5. 28, 11. 51, 93.

(4) To provide or furnish with; Bh. 3. 95; R. 1. 94; 5. 9.

(5) To believe, consider, imagine, think; matsarastu me viparītaṁ

kalpayati Mu. 7; Śi. 11. 6.

(6) To cut, divide; S. 6.

(7) To execute, bring about, do, perform; Śi. 11. 27, 14. 21.

(8) To form, frame.

(9) To invent, compose (as a poem).

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kep 1 A(kepate) To shake or tremble.

sport (cf. Prākṛit “kīl” = “krīḍ”)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kel 1 P. (kelati, kelita)

(1) To shake.

(2) To sport, be frolicsome.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kev (kevate)

(1) To serve, attend to, wait upon.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kai 1 P. (kāyati) To sound.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

knath 1. 10. P. To hurt, injure, kill.

sound ; to stink Caus. P. “knopayati” ( 7-3, 36 and 86), to make wet ( on

“hvṛ”.)

(with gen. of the person hurt ; to rejoice, revel, be in high gig (cf. “knath,

klath”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

krath 1 P. (krathati, krathita) To injure, hurt, kill (with gen. of person). –10

U. To delight.

“krandat”; impf. “krandat” and “akrandat”; aor. 2. sg. “kradas, cakradas”, and

“akrān”, 3. sg. “akrān” and “akrān; akrandīt” ; p. “krandat”), to neigh (as a

horse), roar (metaphorically applied to the clouds and to wind and water) ;

to creak (as a wheel) ; to sound, make a noise ; to cry piteously, weep,

lament, grieve, be confused with sorrow &c.; to call out piteously to any one

(acc.) (perf. “cakranda”) Caus. “krandayati” (aor. “acikradat”, 3. pl. “-dan”),

to cause to roar ; to cause to weep or lament ; to roar, rave ; to neigh after

(acc.) Intens. P. “kanikrantti” (ā. “-ntte” ; p. “kanikradat”, once “kanikrat” ; p.

ā. “kanikradyamana” vi), to neigh, roar, rave, cry out ; to creak, crackle ;

([cf. Goth. ‘greta’, “to lament.”])

[Page 319,3]

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

krap 1 A. (krapate)

(1) To pity.

(2) To mourn.

(3) To lament.

(4) To go.

(5) To long for, desire.

ep. also “krāmate”; according to cl.4. P. “krāmyati” [“kramyati” ; aor.

“akramīt” &c.; ā. “kramiṣṭa, kraṁsate” [ i, 121, 1], 3. pl. “cakramanta” [ ii,

19, 2]; perf. “cakrāma”, or “cakrame”; p. “cakramāṇa” ; fut. “kramiṣyati” or

“kraṁsyate” ind. p. “krāntvā, krantvā”, or “kramitvā” , to step, walk, go, go

towards, approach (with “accha, adhi” acc. or loc.) &c.; to approach in order

to ask for assistance (with loc.) ; to go across, go over &c.; Ved. to climb

(as on a tree’s branch) ; to cover (in copulation) ; to stretch over, project

over, tower above, (ind. p. “krāntvā”) ; to take possession of ; ā. to

undertake, strive after, make effort for (dat.) ; (loc.) ; ā. ( 1-. 3, 38) to

proceed well, advance, make progress, gain a footing, succeed, have effect ;

to be appliable or practicable ; P. to be liable to the peculiar arrangement of

a Vedic text called Krama (i.e. to be doubled, as a letter or word) ; ā. to read

according to the Krama arrangement of a Vedic text (“a-krānta”): Caus. P.

“kramayati”, to cause to step ; xi; “kramayati” or “krām-“, to make liable to

the peculiar arrangement called Krama (i.e. to double a letter or word) &c.:

Intens. “caṅkramyate” ( 3-1, 23 ; p. “caṅ-kramyamāṇa” [ vii, 1, 19, 3 or “-

kramam-” or “caṅkramīti” ( xiv, 137 and 141; impf. 2. pl. “caṅkramata” ;

fut. p. “caṅkramiṣyat” ; ind. p. “-mitvā” ; cf. “-mita”), to step to and fro, walk

or wander about.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kram 1 U., 4 P. (krāmati, kramate, krāmyati, cakrāma, cakrame, akramīt,

akraṁsta, krāṁta)

(1) To walk, step, go; krāmatyanudite sūrye vālī vyapagataklamaḥ Ram.;

gamyamānaṁ na tenāsīdagataṁ krāmatā puraḥ Bk. 8. 2; 25.

(2) To go to, approach (with acc).; devā imān lokānakramaṁta Śat. Br.

(3) To pass or go over, go across, traverse; U. 2. 13; sukhaṁ

yojanapaṁcāśatkrameyaṁ Ram.

(4) To leap, jump; kramaṁ babaṁdha kramituṁ sakopaḥ (hariḥ) Bk. 2.

9. 5. 51.

(5) To go up, ascend; krāmatyuccairbhūbhṛto yasya tejaḥ Śi. 16. 83.

(6)

(a) To cover, occupy, take possession of, fill; krāṁtā yathā cetasi

viramayena R. 14. 17.

(b) To reach up to, pervade, penetrate;

krāmadbhirghanapadavīmanekasaṁkhyaiḥ Ki. 5. 34.

(7) To surpass, excel; sthitaḥ sarvonnatenorvīṁ krāṁtvā merurivātmanā

R. 1. 14.

(8) To undertake, strive after, be able or competent for, show energy for

(with dat. or inf.); vyākaraṇādhyayanāya kramate Sk. dharmāya kramate

sādhuḥ Vop.; vyutpattirāvarjitakovidāpi na raṁjanāya kramate jaḍānāṁ Vikr.

1. 16; hatvā rakṣāṁsi lavitumakramīnmārutiḥ punaḥ . aśokavanikāmeva Bk.

9. 23.

(9) To be developed or increased to have full scope, be at home (with

loc.); kṛtyeṣu kramaṁte Dk. 170; kramaṁte’smiñśāstrāṇi, or ṛkṣu kramate

buddhiḥ Sk.; kramamāṇo’risaṁsadi Bk. 8. 22. (10) To succeed, have effect

(Atm.); na cakramasyākramatādhikaṁ dharaṁ Śi. 1. 54.

(11) To be repeated (as a letter or word in the arrangement called krama

q. v.).

(12) To fulfil, accomplish.

(13) To have sexual intercourse with. (By P. I. 3. 38 kram by itself is

used in the Atm. in the sense of ‘continuity’ or ‘want of interruption,’ ‘energy

or application’, and ‘development or increase’, and also ‘conquering or

getting over’). –Caus. (kramayati, krāmayati)

(1) To cause to go &c.

(2) To repeat a letter (as in the krama arrangement). –Desid. cikramiṣati,

cikraṁsate &c.

“krīḍiṣyat” ; aor. “akrīḍīt” , to play, sport, amuse one’s self, frolic, gambol,

dally (used of men, animals, the wind and waves, &c.) &c.; to jest, joke with

(instr. or instr. with “saha” or “sārdham”; once acc. &c.: Caus. “krīḍayati”, to

cause to play, allow to play

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

krīḍ 1 P. (krīḍati, krīḍita)

(1) To play, amuse oneself; vānarāḥ krīḍitumārabdhāḥ Pt. 1; eṣa krīḍati

kūpayaṁtraghaṭikānyāyaprasakto vidhiḥ Mk. 10. 59.

(2) To gamble, play at dice; bahuvidhaṁ dyūtaṁ krīḍataḥ Mk. 2; nākṣaiḥ

krīḍetkadāciddhi Ms. 4. 74; Y. 1. 138.

(3) To jest, joke or trifle with; sadvṛttastanamaṁḍalastava kathaṁ

prāṇairmama krīḍati Gīt. 3; krīḍiṣyāmi tāvadenayā V. 3;

evamāśāgrahagrastaiḥ krīḍaṁti dhaninorthibhiḥ H. 2. 23; Pt. 1. 187; Mk. 3.

–WITH anu (Atm.) to play, sport, amuse oneself; sādhvanukrīḍamānāni

paśya vṛṁdāni pakṣiṇāṁ Bk. 8. 10. –ā, –pari, –saṁ (Atm.) to play &c.;

saṁkrīḍaṁte maṇibhiryatra kanyāḥ Me. 67; but krīḍ with saṁ is Paras. in the

sense of ‘making a noise’; tvannāmavarṇā iva karṇapītā mayāsya saṁkrīḍati

cakracakre N. 3. 50; saṁkrīḍaṁti śakaṭāni Mbh. ‘the carts creak.’

crooked, move crookedly” ; “to become small, shrink”, or “to make small,

lessen” ; to go towards, approach

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kruṇc m. ( 3-2, 59) a kind of snipe, curlew

m. N. of a ṛiṣi [Comm.] (cf. “krauṇca”.)

“cukrośa” ; fut. 2nd “krokṣyati” and 1st “kroṣṭā” , to cry out, shriek, yell,

bawl, call out, halloo &c.; to exclaim ; to lament, weep &c.; to make a

singing noise (as the ear) 58: Intens. “cokruśīti” ; ([cf. Lith. ‘klykiu’, “to cry”;

‘kryksztauju’; Hib. ‘cruisigh’, “music, song”; Lat. ‘crocis’, ‘crocito’; Gk. [greek]

Goth. ‘krukja’.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kruś 1 P. (krośati, kruṣṭa)

(1) To cry, weep, lament, mourn (for); krośaṁtyastaṁ kapistriyaḥ Bk. 6.

124.

(2) To cry out, yell, scream, bawl, call out; atīva cukrośa jīvanāśaṁ

nanāśa ca Bk. 14. 31.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

klath 1. 9. P.

(1) To kill, hurt.

(2) To turn round, revolve.

(v.l. “kladate”, fr. “klad”), to be confounded or troubled ; to sound ; ([cf.

[characters].])

or become fatigued, be weary or exhausted Caus. “klāmayati”, to fatigue

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

klam 1. 4. P. (klāmati, klāmyati, klāṁta) To be fatigued or tired, be

exhausted or depressed; na caklāma na vivyathe Bk. 5. 102; 14. 101.

(2) To feel sorry, pine for; S. 6. –Caus. (klamayati-te) To fatigue,

exhaust, depress, wither; U. 3. 30.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

klav 4 A. (klavyate) To fear, be afraid (according to some 1 A also).

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

klind pr. p. “-dat”. see “klid”.

“kliṣṭa”) ; to strike, kill

lxxxv, 25 ; to hum (as a bee) ; (said of Kiṁnaras and Yātu-dhānas) (aor. 3.

pl. “akvāṇiṣur”): Caus. P. “kvaṇayati” (pr. p. f. “-yatī”), to cause to sound,

make sound (as a musical instrument), blow (the flute) ; to produce a sound

with (instr.), iv, 24, 12; x, 60, 8.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kvaṇ 1 P. (kvaṇati, kvaṇita)

(1) To sound (indistinctly), jingle, tinkle; iti ghoṣayatīva ḍiṁḍimaḥ kariṇo

hastipakāhataḥ kvaṇan H. 2. 86; kvaṇanmaṇinūpurau Amaru. 28; Rs. 3. 24;

Me. 36.

(2) To hum, warble (as bees &c.); sing indistinctly; Ku. 1. 54; U. 3. 24;

Bk. 6. 84.

the heart) Caus. “kvāthayati”, to cause to boil, decoct ; (Pass. “kvāthyate”)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kvath 1 P. (kvathati, kvathita)

(1) To boil, decoct.

(2) To digest.

carve (meat), distribute (food) ; to take food, consume, eat sg. ā. or dat. inf.

“kṣadase”) and x, 79, 7 (perf. “cakṣade”). ([As a Sautra root “kṣad” means “to

cover, shelter.”])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṣad see “bāhu-kṣad”.

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣad 1 A. (kṣadate) Ved.

(1) To cut.

(2) To kill.

(3) To consume, eat.

(4) To cover, protect.

“kṣāmyati” [cf. Impv. ā. 3. sg. “kṣamyatām” ; perf. “cakṣame” &c., 3. pl. “-

mire” ; 1. du. “cakṣaṇvahe” & 1. pl. “-ṇmahe” ; fut. 2nd “kṣaṁsyate, -ti,

kṣamiṣyati”; aor. 2. sg. “akṣaṁsthās” ; inf. “kṣantum” &c.), to be patient or

composed, suppress anger, keep quiet &c.; to submit to (dat.) ; iv; to bear

patiently, endure, put up with (acc.), suffer ; to pardon, forgive anything

(acc.) to (gen. or dat.) &c. (e.g. “kṣamasva me tad”, forgive me that ; to

allow, permit, suffer (); (with Pot.) ; to bear any one, be indulgent to

(Pass.) ; to resist ; to be able to do anything (inf.) ; to seem good iv: Caus.

P. ā. “kṣamayati, kṣāmayate”, to ask any one (acc.) pardon for anything

(acc.) ; (perf. “kṣamayām āsa”) to suffer or bear patiently (cf. “kṣamāpaya”);

([cf. Goth. ‘hramja’ (?) Angl. Sax. ‘hremman’, “to hinder, disquiet.”])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṣam f. (nom. “kṣās” acc. “kṣām” instr. “kṣamā” once “jmā” [ vi, 52, 15] dat.

“kṣe” [? , gen. abl. “gmas, jmas”, once “kṣmas” [ i, 100, 15], loc. “kṣami”;

du. nom. “kṣāmā” [ ii, 39, 7; x, 12, 1; cf. “dyāva-kṣāmā”]; pl. nom. “kṣāmas”

[ viii, 70, 4; “kṣāmīs” fr. “-mi” , “kṣās” acc. “kṣās” [ x, 2, 6] loc. “kṣāsu” the

ground, earth, [characters]

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṣam f. ([cf. “kṣmā”; cf. also Gk. [greek]; Lat. ‘humus’, ‘homo’.])

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣam 1 A., 4 P. (kṣamate, kṣāmyati, cakṣame, cakṣāma, kṣāṁta or kṣamita)

(1) To permit, allow, suffer; ato nṛpāścakṣamire sametāḥ strīratnalābhaṁ

na tadātmajasya R. 7. 34; 12. 46.

(2) To pardon, forgive (as an offence); kṣāṁtaṁ na kṣamayā Bh. 3. 13;

kṣamasva parameśvara; nighnasya me bhartṛnideśaraukṣyaṁ devi

kṣamasveti babhūva namraḥ R. 14. 58.

(3) To be patient or quiet, wait; R. 15. 45.

(4) To endure, put up with, suffer; api kṣamaṁte’smadupajāpaṁ

prakṛtayaḥ Mu. 2; nājñābhaṁgakarān rājā kṣameta svasutānapi H. 2. 107.

(5) To oppose, resist.

(6) To be competent or able (to do anything); ṛne raveḥ kṣālayituṁ

kṣameta kaḥ kṣapātamaskāṁḍamalīmasaṁ nabhaḥ Śi. 1. 38, 9. 65.

[5] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣam f. Ved. The ground, earth.

impf. “akṣarat”; aor. 3. sg. “akṣār” (cf. ; “akṣārīt” ; p. “kṣarat”; inf.

“kṣaradhyai” , to flow, stream, glide, distil, trickle &c.; to melt away, wane,

perish ; to fall or slip from, be deprived of (abl.) ; to cause to flow, pour out

&c. (with “mūtram”, “to urine” ; to give forth a stream, give forth anything

richly 8898 (pf. “cakṣāra”) Caus. “kṣārayati”, to cause to flow (as urine) ; to

overflow or soil with acrid substances (cf. “kṣāra”) (cf. “kṣārita”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣar 1 P. [kṣarati, kṣarita] (Used transitively or intransitively)

(1) To flow, glide.

(2) To send or stream forth, pour out, emit; R. 13. 74; Bk. 9. 8.

(3) To drop, trickle, ooze.

(4) To waste away, wane, perish.

(5) To become useless, have no effect; yajño’nṛtane kṣarati tapaḥ kṣarati

vismayāt Ms. 4. 237.

(6) To melt.

(7) To slip from, be deprived of (with abl.). –Caus. (kṣārayati-te) To

accuse, traduce (usually with ā). –WITH –vi to melt away, dissolve.

“kṣayat” or “kṣayat” ; pr. p. “kṣayat”), to possess, have power over, rule,

govern, be master of (gen.) ; ([cf. Gk. [greek]. ])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṣi cl.2.6.P. “kṣeti, kṣiyati”; (3. du. “kṣitas”, 3. pl. “kṣiyanti”; Subj. 2. sg.

“kṣayat”, 2. sg. “kṣayas”, 3. du. “kṣayatas”, 1. pl. “kṣayāma”; pr. p. “kṣiyat”;

aor. Subj. “kṣeṣat”; fut. p. “kṣeṣyat”), to abide, stay, dwell, reside (used

especially of an undisturbed or secret residence) ; to remain, be quiet ; to

inhabit ; to go, move (“kṣiyati”) Caus. (Impv. 2. sg. “kṣayayā”; Subj.

“kṣepayat”) to make a person live quietly ; ([cf. Gk. [greek]. ])

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṣi f. abode

f. going, moving

[4] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṣi cl.1.P. “kṣayati” (only once cl.5. P. “kṣiṇoti” ( &c.; 1. sg. “kṣiṇomi” for

“-ṇāmi” of cl.9. P. “kṣiṇāti” (3. pl. “kṣiṇanti”; perf. 3. du. “cikṣiyatur” on , to

destroy, corrupt, ruin, make an end of (acc.), kill, injure &c.: Pass. “kṣīyate”

( xii, 5, 45; 3. pl. “kṣīyante” ; aor. Subj. “kṣeṣṭa” [ iv, 34, 8] or “kṣāyi” ;

Cond. “akṣeṣyata” viii), to be diminished, decrease, wane (as the moon),

waste away, perish &c.; to pass (said of the night) Caus. P. “kṣapayati” (fut.

“-yiṣyati”), rarely ā. “-te” ( i, 1838 “kṣayayati” ( v, 2134 ed. Calc.), to

destroy, ruin, make an end of (acc.), finish &c.; to weaken ; to pass (as the

night or time, “kṣapām, -pās, kālam”) ; ([cf. [characters], &c.])

[5] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṣi f. destruction, waste, loss

[6] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣi I. 1 P. (kṣayati, kṣita or kṣīṇa)

(1) To decay or waste.

(2) To rule, govern, be master of. –II 1. 5. 9. P. (kṣayati, kṣiṇoti, kṣiṇāti)

(1) To destroy, affect, ruin, corrupt; na tadyaśaḥ śastrabhṛtāṁ kṣiṇoti R.

2. 40.

(2) To diminish, cause to waste away; R. 19. 48.

(3) To kill, injure.

(4) To spend, pass (as time); kati punarahaṁ vāsarāṇi kṣayiṣye Ud. S.

83. –III. 6 P. (kṣiyati)

(1) To abide, stay, dwell.

(2) To inhabit.

(3) To remain.

(4) To go, move, approach. –Pass. (kṣīyate)

(1) To waste, wane; decay, be diminished (fig. also) pratikṣaṇamayaṁ

kāyaḥ kṣīyamāṇo na lakṣyate H. 4. 66; pratyāsannavipattimūḍhamanasāṁ

prāyo matiḥ kṣīyate Pt. 2. 4; Amaru. 93; Bh. 2. 19. –Caus. (kṣayayati or

kṣapayati)

(1) To destroy, remove, put an end to; mamāpi ca kṣapayatu nīlalohitaḥ

punarbhavaṁ parigataśaktirātmabhūḥ S. 7. 35, R. 8. 47; Me. 53.

(2) To spend or pass (as time).

“kṣev”); xxvi, 4 (cf. “ṣṭhiv” and “kṣīb”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣiv 1. 4. P. (kṣevati or kṣīvyati) To eject from the mouth, vomit, spit out.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣīj 1 P. (kṣījati) To sound indistinctly.

to be drunk or intoxicated Caus. “kṣībayati”, to excite ; ([cf. “kṣiv” &c.; cf.

also Hib. ‘siobhas’, “rage, madness.”])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣīb, kṣība See kṣīb, kṣīva.

agitated or shaken cl.7. P. ā. “kṣuṇatti, kṣuntte” (impf. “akṣuṇat”; aor. 3. pl.

“akṣautsur”; fut. “kṣotsyati” , to stamp or trample upon Caus. “kṣodayati”

(impf. “akṣodayat”), to shake or agitate by stamping ; to crush, pound,

pulverise ; (Nom. P. fr. “kṣudra”) to reduce, diminish ([cf. Gk. [greek], Lith.

‘skausti’?])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṣud see 1. “kṣut” and 1. “kṣudh”.

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṣud (in comp. for 2. “kṣudh”).

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣud 7 U. (kṣuṇatti, kṣuṁte, kṣuṇṇa)

(1) To tread or trample upon, strike against, crush (under the foot),

bruise, pound down; kṣuṇadmi sarpān pātāle Bk. 6. 36; te taṁ

vyāśiṣatākṣautsuḥ pādairdaṁtaistathācchidan 15. 43, 17. 66.

(2) To move, be agitated (A.). –WITH pra to crush, bruise, pound;

mitraghnasya pracukṣoda gadayāṁgaṁ bibhīṣaṇaḥ Bk. 14. 33.

[5] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣud f. Grinding, crushing.

[6] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣud f. kṣudhā

(1) Hunger; sīdati kṣudhā Ms. 7. 134, 4. 187.

(2) Food.

— Comp.

–anvita, –ārta, –āviṣṭa a. afflicted by hunger.

–kṣāma a. emaciated by hunger; Bh. 2. 29.

–pipāsita a. hungry and thirsty.

–nivṛttiḥ f. cessation of hunger, appeasing of appetite (in general).

16 &c.]), cl.5. P. (only Pot. 3. pl. “kṣubhnuyur” cl.9. P. “kṣubhnāti” (only

according to ; perf. P. “cukṣobha” ; “cukṣubhe” &c.: Cond. ā. “akṣobhiṣyata”

, to shake, tremble, be agitated or disturbed, be unsteady, stumble (literally

and metaphorically): Caus. P. “kṣobhayati”, rarely ā. “-te”, to agitate, cause

to shake, disturb, stir up, excite Desid. of Caus. see “cukṣobhayiṣu”; ([cf.

Cambro-Brit. ‘hwbiau’, “to make a sudden push”; Gk. [greek] Mod. Germ.

‘schiebe’.])

[Page 331,3]

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṣubh f. (only instr. “-bhā”) a shake, push

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣubh 1 A., 4. 9. P. (kṣobhate, kṣubhyati, kṣubhnāti, kṣubhita-kṣubdha)

(1) To shake, tremble, to be agitated or disturbed; mahāhrada iva

kṣubhyan Bk. 9. 118; R. 4. 21; Śi. 8. 24.

(2) To be unsteady.

(3) To stumble (fig. also). –Caus. (kṣobhayati) To agitate, stir up, excite,

perturb.

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣubh f. Ved. A blow, push.

“kṣāpayati” (Impv. “kṣāpaya”), to singe, burn

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣai 1 P. [kṣāyati, kṣāma] To wane, waste away, become emaciated, decline,

decay.

tremble Caus. P. “kṣmāpayati” ( 7-3, 36), to cause to shake

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣmāy 1 A. (kṣmāyate, kṣmāyita) To shake, tremble; cakṣmāye ca mahī Bk.

14. 21; 17. 73.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣmīl 1 P. (kṣmīlati) To wink, close the eyelids.

, to utter an inarticulate sound, hum, murmur, growl, roar, hiss, whistle,

rattle: Caus. P. “kṣveḍayati” id.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

kṣviḍ (or 2. “kṣvid” = “svid”) cl.1.ā. “kṣveḍate, kṣvedate”, to be wet or

unctuous, exude, emit sap cl.4. P. “kṣvidyati” id.

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣviḍ 1 U. (kṣveḍati-te, kṣveṭṭa or kṣveḍita) To hum, roar, whistle, growl,

murmur, sound indistinctly; Ms. 4. 64.

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣviḍ 1 A., kṣvid 4 P.

(1) To be wet or unctuous.

(2) To emit sap, or discharge juice, ichor &c., exude. –WITH pra to

murmur, hum; Bk. 7. 103.

jump, play ; vi; to shake, tremble ; ([cf. Old Germ. ‘suillu’, ‘sual’, ‘suall’.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kṣvel 1 P. (kṣvelati &c.)

(1) To leap, jump.

(2) To play.

(3) To go, move.

(4) To shake, tremble.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

khaṭ ind. a particle of exclamation

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

khaṭ 1 P. (khaṭati) To desire; wish.

‘hinke’.])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

khaṇj mfn. (nom. “khan”) limping

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

khaj 1 P. (khajati, khajita) To churn, agitate.

“cakhne” ; pr. p. ā. “khanamāna” ; Impv. “khanatāt” [ 7-1, 44 ; Pot.

“khanyāt” or “khāyāt” ; Pass. “khāyate” [ vi iii] or “khanyate” ; inf.

“khanitum” , to dig, dig up, delve, turn up the soil, excavate, root up &c.; to

pierce (said of an arrow) (v.l.): Caus. “khānayati” (once “khan-” , to cause to

dig or dig up &c.: Desid. “cikhaniṣati” Intens. “caṅkhanyate” or “cākhāyate”

; “caṅkhanti” or “cākhāti” ([cf. [characters]; Old Germ. ‘ginem’, ‘ginom’;

Mod. Germ. ‘gahne’; Angl. Sax. ‘cina’, ‘cinan’; Lat. ‘cuniculus’, ‘canalis’.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

khan 1 U. (khanati-te, khāta; pass. khanyate or khāyate) To dig up, delve,

excavate; khanannākhubilaṁ siṁhaḥ Pt. 3. 17; Ms. 2. 218; Rs. 1. 17.

(2) To dig into the earth, bury.

respect or courtesy ; to pain, make uneasy ; to cleanse

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kharj 1 P. [kharjati, kharjiṁta]

(1) To pain, make uneasy.

(2) To creak.

(3) To cleanse.

(4) To worship, honour.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

khard 1 P. [khardati] To bite’ sting.

‘hwirbu’, &c.; Goth. ‘bi-hvairba’, “to go round.”])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

kharv (kharvati, kharvita)

(1) To go, move, go towards.

(2) To be proud.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

khal 1 P. (khalati, khalita)

(1) To move, shake.

(2) To gather, collect.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

khaṣ 1 P. (khaṣati) To injure, hurt, kill.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

khiṭ 1 P. (kheṭati, kheṭita)

(1) To be terrified or frightened, to fear, dread.

(2) To terrify, frighten, surprise, scare away.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

khu 1 A. To sound.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

khuj 1 P. (khojati) To rob, steal.

“khelayati”, to cause to move to and fro, swing, shake

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

khel 1 P. (khelati, kholita)

(1) To shake, move to and fro.

(2) To tremble.

(3) To play, sport.

kill ; (derived fr. “khāyate” Pass. of “khan”) to dig ; to mourn, sorrow

“gamāma, gaman” ; Pot. “gamema” ; inf. “gamadhyai” cl.2. P. “ganti” (;

Impv. 3. sg. “gantu”, [2. sg. “gadhi” see “ā-“, or “gahi” see “adhi-, abhy-ā-,

ā-, upā-“], 2. pl. “gantā” or “gantana” ; impf. 2. and 3. sg. “agan” [ pl.

“aganma” [; cf. pl. “agman” ; Subj. [or aor. Subj. cf. 1. pl. “ganma”, 3. pl.

“gman” ; Pot. 2. sg. “gamyās” ; Prec. 3. sg. “gamyās” ; pr. p. “gmat”, x, 22,

6): cl.3. P. “jaganti” ( ii, 14; Pot. “jagamyām, -yāt” ; impf. 2. and 3. sg.

“ajagan”, 2. pl. “ajaganta” or “-tana” Ved. and Class. cl.1. P. (also ā. &c.),

with substitution of “gacch” ([= [characters]]) for “gam, gacchati” (cf. ; Subj.

“gācchāti” ; 2. sg. “gacchās” [ vi, 35, 3] or “gacchāsi” [ v, 5, 6]; 2. pl.

“gacchāta” ; 3. pl. “gacchān” ; impf. “agacchat”; Pot. “gacchet”; pr. p.

“gacchat” &c.; aor. “agamat” ; for ā. with prepositions cf. fut. “gamiṣyati”

&c.; 1st fut. “gantā” [ 7-2, 58] &c.; perf. 1. sg. “jagamā” [],3. sg. “jagāma”,

2. du. “jagmathur”, 3. pl. “jagmur” &c.; p. “jaganvas” [ &c.] or “jagmivas”

f. “jagmuṣī” &c.; Ved. inf. “gantave, gantavai”; Class. inf. “gantum”: Ved.

ind. p. “gatvāya, gatvī”; Class. ind. p. “gatvā” [ &c.], with prepositions “-

gamya” or “-gatya” to go, move, go away, set out, come &c.; to go to or

towards, approach (with acc. or loc. or dat. [; cf. “prati” [ &c.; to go or pass

(as time e.g. “kāle gacchati”, time going on, in the course of time) ; to fall to

the share of (acc.) &c.; to go against with hostile intentions, attack ; to

decease, die ; to approach carnally, have sexual intercourse with (acc.) &c.;

to go to any state or condition, undergo, partake of, participate in, receive,

obtain (e.g. “mitratāṁ gacchati”, “e goes to friendship” i.e. he becomes

friendly) &c.; “jānubhyām avanīṁ-gam”, “to go to the earth with the knees”,

kneel down ; “dharaṇīṁ mūrdhnā-gam”, “to go to the earth with the head”,

make a bow ; “manasā-gam”, to go with the mind, observe, perceive ;

(without “manasā”) to observe, understand, guess ; (especially Pass.

“gamyate”, “to be understood or meant”) and ; “doṣeṇa” or “doṣato-gam”,

to approach with an accusation, ascribe guilt to a person (acc.) Caus.

“gamayati” ( 2-4, 46; Impv. 2. sg. Ved. “gamayā” or “gāmaya” [ v, 5, 10], 3.

sg. “gamayatāt” ; perf. “gamayāṁ cakāra” &c.) to cause to go ( 8-1, 60 or

come, lead or conduct towards, send to (dat. , bring to a place (acc. [ 1-4,

52] or loc.) &c.; to cause to go to any condition, cause to become &c.; to

impart, grant ; to send away ; “to let go”, not care about ; to excel ; to spend

time &c.; to cause to understand, make clear or intelligible, explain ; to

convey an idea or meaning, denote ; (causal of the causal) to cause a person

(acc.) to go by means of “jigamiṣati” another Desid. “jigamiṣati” (

“jigāṁsate” ; impf. “ajigāṁsat” to wish to go, be going ; to strive to obtain ;

to wish to bring (to light, “prakāśam”) i: Intens. “jaṅganti” (), “jaṅgamīti” or

“jaṅgamyate” ( 7-4, 85 , to visit “ganigmat”) (impf. “aganīgan”); ([cf.

[characters]; Goth. ‘qvam’; Eng. ‘come’; Lat. ‘venio’ for ‘gvemio’.])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

gam gen. abl. “gmas” see 2. “kṣam”.

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gam 1 P. (gacchati, jagāma, agamat, gamiṣyati, gaṁtuṁ, gata desid;

jigamiṣati, jigāṁsate Atm.; freq. jaṁgamyate; jaṁgamīti or jaṁgaṁti)

(1) To go, move in general; gacchatvāryā punardarśanāya V. 5; gacchati

puraḥ śarīraṁ dhāvati paścādasaṁstutaṁ cetaḥ S. 1. 34; kvādhunā gamyate

‘where art thou going’.

(2) To depart, go forth, go away, set forth or out; utkṣipyaināṁ

jyotirekaṁ jagāma S. 5. 30.

(3) To go to, reach, resort to, arrive at, approach; yadagamyopi gamyate

Pt. 1. 7; eno gacchati kartāraṁ Ms. 8. 19 the sin goes to (recoils on) the

doer; 4. 199; so dharaṇiṁ mūrdhnā gam &c.

(4) To pass, pass away, elapse (as time); dineṣu gacchatsu R. 3. 8 as

days rolled on, in course of time; Me. 83; kāvyaśāstravinodena kālo gacchati

dhīmatāṁ H. 1. 1; gacchatā kālena in the long run.

(5) To go to the state or condition of, become, undergo, suffer, partake

of &c. (usually joined with nouns ending in tā, –tva &c. or any noun in the

acc.); gamiṣyāmyupahāsyatāṁ R. 1. 3; paścādumākhyāṁ sumukhī jagāma

Ku. 1. 26 went by or received the name of Umā; so tṛptiṁ gacchati becomes

satis fied; viṣādaṁ gataḥ became dejected; kopaṁ na gacchati does not

become angry; ānṛṇyaṁ gataḥ became released from debt; manasā gam to

think of, remember; Ku. 2. 63; vṛṣeṇa gacchataḥ riding a bull; Ku. 5. 80.

(6) To cohabit, have sexual intercourse with; guroḥ sutāṁ … yo gacchati

pumān Pt. 2. 107; Y. 1. 80. –Caus. (gamayati-te)

(1) To cause to go, lead or reduce to (as a state); gamitaḥ gatiṁ Ku. 4.

24; Bh. 3. 38; Ki. 2. 7.

(2) To spend, pass (as time).

(3) To make clear, explain, expound.

(4) To signify, denote, convey an idea or sense of; dvau nañau

prakṛtārthaṁ gamayataḥ ‘two negatives make one affirmative.’

(5) To send to.

(6) To bring to a place (acc.).

(7) To impart, grant, bestow.

(8) To intend, mean.

, to emit a deep or full sound, sound as distant thunder, roar, thunder, growl

([cf. Lat. ‘garrio’; Old Germ. ‘kurran’, ‘krago’, ‘kragil’, ‘krachon’, ‘gellan’,

‘kallon’, ‘kallari’; Mod. Germ. ‘quarren’, ‘girren’.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

garj 1 P., 10 U. (garjati, garjayati-te, garjita)

(1) To roar, growl; garjan hariḥ sāṁbhasi śailakuṁje Bk. 2. 9; 15. 21;

raṇe na garjaṁti vṛthā hi śūrāḥ Rām.; hṛṣṭo garjati cātidarpitabalo

duryodhano vā śikhī Mk. 5. 6.

(2) To emit a deep or thundering sound, thunder; yadi garjati vāridharo

garjatu tannāma niṣṭhurāḥ puruṣāḥ Mk. 5. 32 (and in several other verses of

the same Act); garjati śaradi na varṣati vaṣati varṣāsu niḥsvano meghaḥ Udb.

Lith. ‘garbe’, “onour, glory”; Old Germ. ‘gelban’, ‘gelf’.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

garv 1 P. (garvati, garvita) To be proud or haughty; (used only in p. p.

which is also supposed to be an adjective derived from garva);

korthānprāpya na garvitaḥ Pt. 1. 146.

than P.; perf. “jagarha, -rhe”), to lodge a complaint (acc.) before any one

(dat.) ; to accuse, charge with, reproach, blame, censure any one or anything

(acc.) &c.; to be sorry for, repent of (acc.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

garh 1. 10. A. (sometimes P. also) (garhate, garhayate, garhita)

(1) To blame, censure, reproach; viṣamāṁ hi daśāṁ prāpya daivaṁ

garhayate naraḥ H. 4. 3; Ms. 4. 199.

(2) To accuse, charge with.

(3) To be sorry for.

vit, 10 ; to vanish, perish, pass away Caus. “gālayati”, to cause to drop,

filter, strain ; to cause (the water of a dropsical person) to go off ; to fuse,

liquefy, dissolve, melt ā. “-te”, to flow Intens.p. “jalgalyamāna”, causing to

drop from one’s body ([cf. Old Germ. ‘qvall’, ‘quillu’, ‘qual’ and ‘quella’, “a

well.”])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

gal (= 2. “gṝ”) cl.1.P. “-lati”, to eat, swallow

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gal 1 P. (galati, jagāla, agālīt, galituṁ, galita)

(1) To drop, drip, ooze, trickle; jalamiva galatyupadiṣṭaṁ K. 103;

acchakapolamūlagalitaiḥ (aśrubhiḥ) Amaru. 26, 91, Bv. 2. 21; R. 19. 22.

(2) To drop or fall down; śaradamacchagaladvasanopamā Śi. 6. 42; 9.

75; pratodā jagaluḥ Bk. 14. 99; 17. 87. galaddhammilla Gīt. 2, R. 7. 10, Me.

44,

(3) To vanish, disappear, pass away, be removed; galati madhyarātre

Dk.; śaiśavena saha galati gurujanasnehaḥ K. 289, vidyāṁ

pramādagalitāmiva ciṁtayāmi Ch. P. 1; Bh. 2. 44; Bk. 5. 43, R. 3. 70.

(4) To eat, swallow (connected with gṝ). –Caus. or 10 U. (p. p. galita)

(1) To pour out.

(2) To filter, strain.

(3) To flow (A.).

(4) To fuse, liquefy, dissolve, melt. –WITH nis to ooze or flow out, trickle

down; R. 5. 17. –paryā to drop down; Bk. 2. 4.

galbh”; cf. “garv”; cf. also Hib. ‘galbha’, “rigour, hardness.”])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

galbh 1 A(galbhate, galbhita) To be bold or confident.

(acc.) ; to desire (cf. “gardh”) ; to compile, string together

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gādh 1 A. (gādhate, gādhita)

(1) To stand, stay, remain.

(2) To set out for; dive or plunge into; gādhitāse nabho bhūyaḥ Bk. 22.

2; 8. 1.

(3) To seek, search or inquire for.

(4) To compile, string or weave together.

“gāhiṣyate” [fut. 1st “-gāhitā”, or “-gāḍhā” on ; aor. “agāhiṣṭa” [ xv, 59] or

“agāḍha” [not in ; inf. “gāhitum”) to dive into, bathe in, plunge into (acc.),

penetrate, enter deeply into (acc.) xiv f. &c. (with “kakṣām”, “to be a match

for (gen.)” ; to roam, range, rove 49 ; to be absorbed in (acc.)

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

gu ifc. “going” see “adhri-gu, vanar-gu” (cf. also “priyaṁgu, śāci-gu”); “fit

for” see “tāta-gu, nigu” (cf. “agre-gū”.)

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

gu cl.1.ā. “gavate”, to sound Intens. ā. (1. and 3. sg. “joguve”, p.

“joguvāna”) “to cause to sound”, proclaim P. (impf. “agaṅgūyat” for

“aguṅg-“) to shout with joy (cf. “prati-” 3. “gu” and “jogū”.)

[Page 356,2]

[4] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

gu (= 1. “gū” q.v.) cl.6.P. “guvati”, to void by stool (cf. “vi-gūna”.)

[5] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

gu ifc. = “go”, “cow; earth; ray” ( 1-2, 48) see “a-gu, anu-gu, anuṣṇa-gu,

ariṣṭagu, upa-gu, uṣṇa-gu, kṛśa-gu, tamo-gu”, &c.; (“u”) n. water ; the hair

on the body

[6] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gu I. 6 P. (guvati, gūna) To void by stool, void excrement, discharge faeces.

–II. 1 A. Ved. (gavate) To speak indistinctly.

“sam-ud-guṇj”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

guj 1 P. (gojati), often guṁj 1 P. (guṁjati, guṁjita or gujita) To sound

inarticulately or indistinctly, hum, buzz; na ṣaṭpado’sau na juguṁja yaḥ

kalaṁ Bk. 2. 19; 6. 143; 14. 2; U. 2. 29; 5. 6; ayi daladaraviṁda

syaṁdamānaṁ maraṁdaṁ tava kimapi lihaṁto maṁju guṁjaṁtu bhṛṁgāḥ

Bv. 1. 5.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gud 1 A. (godate, gudita) To play.

envelop, cover, clothe (cf. “guṇṭh”) cl.9. P. “-dhnāti”, to be angry, xxxi, 45:

cl.1. ā. “godhate”, to play, sport (cf. “gūrd, gud”), ii, 23; ([cf. Gk. [greek];

Old Germ. ‘hut’; Germ. ‘haut’; Angl. Sax. ‘hyde’, ‘hyd’; Lat. ‘cutis’ ?])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gudh I. 4 P. (gudhyati, gudhita) To wrap up, cover, envelop, clothe. –II. 9

P. (gudhnāti) To be angry. –III. 1 A. (godhate) To play, sport.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

gurv (= “gur”) cl.1.P. “gūrvati”, to raise, lift up (or “to make effort”)

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gurv 1 P. (gurvati)

(1) To endeavour, try.

(2) To raise or elevate.

“gūhiṣyati” ; aor. “agūhīt”, xv; Subj. 2. sg. “ghukṣas” [vi] or Ved. “guhas” [

viii, 6, 17]; pr. p. P. “gūhat”, iv, 51, 9; ā. “gūhamāna” &c.; Pass.

“guhyamāna” ; aor. “guhamāna” ; Ved. ind. p. “gūdhvī”, vii, 80, 2) to cover,

conceal, hide, keep secret &c.: Desid. “jughukṣati” ( 7-2, 12; 3. du.

“jugukṣatas”, Pada-p. “jughukṣ-“) to wish to conceal or hide away

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

guh (only acc. “guham” and instr. 1. “guhā”) f. a hiding-place

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

guh 1 U. (gūhati-te, jugūha, juguhe, agūhīt, agūhiṣṭa, agūḍha, aghukṣat-ta,

gūhiṣyati-te, ghokṣyati-te, gūhituṁ, goḍhuṁ, gūḍha) To cover, hide,

conceal, keep secret; guhyaṁ ca gūhati guṇān prakaṭīkaroti Bh. 2. 72;

gūhetkūrma ivāṁgāni Ms. 7. 105; R. 14. 49; Bk. 16. 41.

(2) To cover with clothes.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gṛ 1 P. (garati)

(1) To sprinkle, moisten, wet.

(2) To grant.

roar, vii, 74 f.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gṛj, gṛṁj 1 P. (garjati or gṛṁjati) To sound, roar, grumble &c.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gep 1 A. (gepate) To shake, tremble.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gev 1 A. (gevate) To serve.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

geṣ 1 A. (geṣate, geṣṇa) To seek, search, investigate; cf. gaveṣ.

vii, 96, 1] &c.), exceptionally cl.2. “gāti” ( iii, 15850; xii, 10299: cl.3. P.

“jigāti” ; perf. “jagau” &c.; aor. “agāsīt”; Prec. “geyāt” ; pr. p. P. “gāyat”

&c.; ind. p. “gītvā” [with prep. “-gāya” ( 6-4, 69) “-gīya” &c.]; inf. “gātum”),

to sing, speak or recite in a singing manner, sing to (dat. acc.), relate in

metrical language &c.; to sing before (acc.) Pass. “gīyate” (p. “-yamāna”),

to be sung or praised in song &c.; to be called xci (perf. “jage”), &c.: Caus.

“gāpayati” (Pot. 3. pl. “gāyayeyur” , to cause to sing or praise in song &c.:

Intens. “jegīyate” ( 6-4, 66), to sing ; to be sung or praised in song ; to be

asserted obstinately ; ([cf. 3. “gā”; cf. also Lith. ‘zaidziu’.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gai 1 P. (gāyati, jagau, agāsīt, gāsyati, gātuṁ, gīta)

(1) To sing, sing a song; aho sādhu rebhilena gītaṁ Mk. 3;

grīṣmasamayamadhikṛtya gīyatāṁ S. 1; Ms. 4. 64; 9. 42.

(2) To speak or recite in a singing tone.

(3) To relate, declare, tell (especially in metrical language);

gītaścāyamarthoṁgirasā Māl. 2.

(4) To describe, relate or celebrate in song; cāraṇadvaṁdvagītaḥ S. 2.

14, prabhavastasya gīyate Ku. 2. 5. –Caus. (gāpayati-te) To cause to sing or

praise in song; jayodāharaṇaṁ bāhvorgāpayāmāsa kinnarān R. 4. 78, 15.

33.

“jagranthur” or “grethur” ; ind. p. “granthitvā” or “grath-“, 23 , to fasten, tie

or string together, arrange, connect in a regular series vi f. ; to string words

together, compose (a literary work) cl.1. P. ā. “grathati, -te” (v.l.); P.

“granthati”, xxxiv, 31; ā. “granthate” (aor. “agranthiṣṭa”), to be strung

together or composed (a literary work), Bhāradv. on Caus. P. ā.

“granthayati, -te”, to string together ; ([cf. [characters]; Lat. ‘glut-en’ ?])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

grath or #granth cl.1.ā. “grathate” or “granth-“, to be crooked (lit. and fig.)

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

grath, or graṁth 1 A. (grathane, graṁthate)

(1) To be crooked.

(2) To be wicked.

(3) To bend.

“jagrasāna” , to seize with the mouth, take into the mouth, swallow, devour,

eat, consume &c.; to swallow up, cause to disappear ; to eclipse &c.; to

swallow or slur over words, pronounce indistinctly () 27; to suppress, stop

or neglect (a lawsuit) Caus. P. “grāsayati”, to cause to swallow or devour ;

to consume, swallow ; ([cf. [characters]; Lat. ‘gra-men’; Germ. ‘gras’; Eng.

‘grass’.])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

gras mfn. ifc. “swallowing” (e.g. “piṇḍa-” q.v.)

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gras I. 1 A. [grasate, grasta]

(1) To swallow, devour, eat up, consume; sa imāṁ pṛthivīṁ kṛtsnāṁ

saṁkṣipya grasate punaḥ Mb.; Bg. 11. 30.

(2) To seize.

(3) To eclipse; dvāveba grasate dineśvaraniśāprāṇeśvarau bhāsurau Bh.

2. 34; himāṁśumāśu grasate tanmradimnaḥ sphuṭaṁ phalaṁ Śi. 2. 49.

(4) To slur over words.

(5) To destory. –WITH saṁ to destroy; Bk. 12. 4. –II. 1 P., 10 U.

(grasati, grāsayati-te) To eat, devour.

“k” for “c”, vii, 3, 59 to steal ; to go

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gruc 1 P. (grocati)

(1) To steal, rob.

(2) To go.

(instr.) at dice for (acc.), win by gambling ; = “grah”, to take, receive

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

glah 1 U., 10 U. (glahati-te, glāhayati-te)

(1) To gamble, to win by gambling.

(2) To take, receive.

for “c”, vii, 3, 59 , to go, move (cf. “gluc”.)

go, move (v.l.) (cf. “gluṇc”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gluc 1 P. (glecati, gluka)

(1) To go, move.

(2) To steal, rob.

(3) To take away, deprive of; bahūnāmaglucat prāṇānaglocīcca raṇe

yaśaḥ Bk. 15. 30.

to move

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

glep 1 A. (glepate)

(1) To be poor or miserable.

(2) To shake, tremble.

(3) To move or go.

“jaglitha” and “-glātha” ; ā. “jagle” and ; aor. “aglāsīt” ; Subj. 2. sg. “glāsīs” ;

Prec. “glāyāt, gley-, glāsīṣṭa” , to feel aversion or dislike, be averse or

reluctant or unwilling or disinclined to do anything (dat. [ ii, iii, ix or instr. [

iii, 1210] or abl. [14541] or inf. [ 3-4, 65]); to be languid or weary, feel

tired, be exhausted, fade away, faint ; to be hard upon any one (acc.) Caus.

“glapayati” (“-glāpayati” see “ava-, pra-, vi-“; ep. also ā. “-te”, xiii, 4694; aor.

2. sg. “ajiglapas” , to exhaust, tire, be hard upon, injure, cause to faint or

perish ; (with “manas”) to make desponding ; (irreg. Pot. “glapet”) to

become cast down or desponding, 1650.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

glai 1 P. (glāyati, glāna)

(1) To feel aversion or dislike, be unwilling or disinclined to do anything

(with inf.).

(2) To be fatigued or wearied, feel tired or exhausted.

(3) To despond, sink in spirit, be dejected; Bk. 19. 17, 6. 12.

(4) To wane, fade, faint away. –Caus. (gla-glāpayati, but praglāpayati)

(1) To cause to fade away, wither up; S. 3. 18; Ku. 3. 49.

(2) To tire out, exhaust.

(3) To injure, trouble, hurt.

(4) To emaciate, waste; Ku. 5. 29; U. 3. 5.

splendour ; to flow, stream

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ghaṁṣ 1 A. (ghaṁṣate)

(1) To shed or diffuse lustre.

(2) To flow, stream.

“kakh”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ghaggh 1 P. (ghagghate)

(1) To laugh.

(2) To laught at, deride.

“aghaṭiṣṭa” , to be intently occupied about, be busy with, strive or endeavour

after, exert one’s self for (loc. dat. acc. [ iii, 14703], “prati, -artham” and

“arthe”; inf. ; to reach, come to (loc.) ; to fall to the share of (loc.) ; to take

effect, answer cxxiv ; to happen, take place, be possible, suit &c.; to be in

connection or united with (instr.) ; (for “ghaṭṭ”) to hurt with words, speak of

malignantly Caus. P. “ghaṭayati” ( 6-4, 92; exceptionally ā. “-te” , to join

together, connect, bring together, unite ; to shut (v.l.); to put or place or lay

on (loc.) ; to bring near, procure ; to effect, accomplish, produce, make,

form, fashion &c.; to do a service (acc.) to any one (gen.) ; to impel ; to

exert one’s self ; (for “ghaṭṭ”, Caus.) to rub, graze, touch, move, agitate, iv,

vi (C), vii, xii (5363, C): Caus. “ghāṭayati”, to hurt, injure ; to unite or put

together ; “to speak” or “to shine”, 93.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ghaṭ I. 1 A. (ghaṭate, jaghaṭe, aghaṭiṣṭa, ghaṭituṁ, ghaṭita)

(1) To be busy with, strive after, exert oneself for, be intently occupied

with anything (with inf., loc., or dat.); dayitāṁ trātumalaṁ ghaṭasva Bk. 10.

40; aṁgadena samaṁ yoddhumaghaṭiṣṭa 15. 77, 12. 26, 16. 23; 20. 24; 22.

31.

(2) To happen, take place, be possible; prāṇaistapobhirathavā’bhimataṁ

madīyaiḥ kṛtyaṁ ghaṭeta suhṛdo yadi tatkṛtaṁ syāt Māl. 1. 9 if it can be

effected; kasyāparasyoḍumayaiḥ prasūnairvāditrasṛṣṭirghaṭate bhaṭasya N.

22. 22; ubhayathāpi ghaṭate Ve. 3; prasīdoti brūyāmidamasati kope na

ghaṭate Ratn. 2. 19 is not proper &c.

(3) To be united with: Māl. 2. 8.

(4) To come to, reach. –Caus. (ghaṭayati)

(1) To unite, join, bring together; itthaṁ nārīrghaṭayitumalaṁ kāmibhiḥ

Śi. 9. 87; anena bhainīṁ ghaṭayiṣyatastathā N. 1. 46; krudhā saṁdhiṁ

bhīmo vighaṭayati yūyaṁ ghaṭayata Ve. 1. 10; Bk. 11. 11.

(2) To bring or place near to, bring in contact with, put on; ghaṭayati

ghanaṁ kaṁṭhāśleṣe rasānna payodharau Ratn. 3. 9; ghaṭaya jaghane

kāṁcīṁ Gīt. 12.

(3) To accomplish, bring about, effect; taṭasthaḥ svānarthān ghaṭayati ca

maunaṁ ca bhajate Mal. 1. 14; (abhimataṁ) ānīya jhaṭiti ghaṭayati Ratn. 1.

7; Bh. 2. 120.

(4) To form, fashion, shape, work out, make; evamabhidhāya vainateyaṁ

… aghaṭayat Pt. 1; kāṁte kathaṁ ghaṭitavānupatena cetaḥ S. Til. 3; ghaṭaya

bhujabaṁdhanaṁ Gīt. 10.

(5) To prompt, impel; snehaugho ghaṭayati māṁ tathāpi vaktu Bk. 10.

73.

(6) To rub, touch.

(7) To exert oneself for.

(8) To move, agitate. –II. 10 U. (ghāṭayati, ghāṭita)

(1) To hurt, injure, kill.

(2) To unite, join, bring or collect together.

(3) To shine.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

gharb 1 P. (gharbati) To go.

“ghuṇṇ, ghṛṇṇ”.)

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ghu m. a kind of sound

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ghu 1 A. (ghavate, ghuta) To sound, make an indistinct noise.

ā. “ghoṭate”, to turn (“to barter, exchange” (cf. “ava-ghoṭita” and “vy-ā-

ghuṭ”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ghuṭ I. 6 P. (ghuṭati, ghuṭita)

(1) To strike again, retaliate, resist.

(2) To protect, preserve. –II.

(1) A. (ghoṭate)

(1) To come back, return.

(2) To barter, exchange.

(cf. “ghūrṇ, ghol”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ghuṇ I.

(1) A., 6 P. (ghoṇate, ghuṇati, ghuṇita) To roll, whirl, stagger, reel. –II.

1 A. To take, receive.

“jughuṣur” ; aor. ā. “ghoṣi”) ā. to sound ; P. to cry or proclaim aloud, call

out, announce publicly, declare, i, 139, 8 &c.: Caus. “ghoṣayati” (subj. 2. sg.

“-ṣayas”), to call to, invite ; to cause to proclaim aloud ; to proclaim aloud

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ghuṣ cl.1.P. “ghoṣati”, to kill

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ghuṣ I. 1 P., 10 U. (ghoṣati, ghoṣayatite, ghuṣita, ghuṣṭa or ghoṣita)

(1) To sound, make any sound or noise.

(2) To cry or proclaim aloud, announce or declare publicly; sa sa

pāpādṛte tāsāṁ duṣyaṁta iti ghuṣyatāṁ S. 6. 22; ghoṣayatu

manmathanideśaṁ Gīt. 10; iti ghoṣayatīva ḍiṁḍimaḥ kariṇo hastipakāhataḥ

kvaṇan H. 2. 86; R. 9. 10.

(3) To praise.

(4) To fill with cries, make resonant. –II. 1 A. (ghuṣate) To be beautiful

or brilliant.

shake, be agitated, roll about Caus. “-rṇayati”, to cause to move to and fro

or shake (Pass. p. “ghūrṇyamāna”).

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ghūrṇ 1 A., 6 P. [ghūrṇate, ghūrṇati, ghūrṇita] To roll about, move to and

fro, whirl, turn round, shake, reel, stagger; yoṣitāmatimadena jughūrṇu

rvibhramātiśayapūṁṣi vapūṁṣi Śi. 10. 32; bhayātkecidaghūṇiṣuḥ Bk. 15. 32,

118; Śi. 11. 18; adyāpi tāṁ suratajāgaraghūrṇamānāṁ Ch. P. 5; bhūpālāḥ

kamalāvilāsamadironmīlanmadāghūrṇitāḥ Bv. 4. 42. –Caus. (ghūrṇayati-te)

To cause to shake, reel or roll about; nayanānyaruṇāni ghūrṇayan Ku. 4. 12;

Śi. 2. 16; Bh. 1. 89 (with prepositions like ā, vi the root retains the same

meaning).

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ghṛṣ cl.1.P. “gharṣati” (ind. p. “ghṛṣṭvā”; Pass. “ghṛṣyate”), to rub, brush,

polish ; to grind, crush, pound ; ā. to rub one’s self Caus. “gharṣayati”, to

rub, grind

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ghṛṣ 1 P. (gharṣati, ghṛṣṭa)

(1) To rub, strike against; adyāpi tatkanakakuṁḍalaghṛṣṭamārayaṁ Ch.

P. 11; Pt. 1. 144.

(2) To brush, furbish, polish.

(3) To crush, grind, pound; draupadyā nanu matsyarājabhavane ghṛṣṭaṁ

na kiṁ caṁdanaṁ Pt. 3. 175.

(4) To compete, rival (as in saṁgharṣa q. v.).

“ghrāti”; aor. “aghrāt”, or “aghrāsīt”, ii, 4, 78; Prec. “ghrāyāt” or “ghrey-“, vi,

4, 68; aor. Pass. 3. du. “aghrāsātām”, ii, 4, 78 ; irr. ind. p. “jighritvā” 7059),

to smell, perceive odour ; to perceive ; to smell at, snuffle at lxii, 1 ; to kill

Caus. P. “ghrāpayati” (aor. “ajighrapat” or “-ghrip-” , to cause any one (acc.)

to smell at (acc.) Intens. “jeghrīyate”

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ghrā 1 P. (jighrati, jaghrau, aghrāt-aghrāsīt, ghrāta-ghrāṇa)

(1) To smell, smell at, perceive by smell; spṛśannapi gajo haṁti

jighrannapi bhujaṁgamaḥ H. 3. 14; Bv. 1. 99.

(2) To kiss. –Caus. (ghrāpayati) To cause to smell; Bk. 15. 109.

(Prepositions like ava, ā, upa, vi, saṁ &c. are added to this root without any

material change of meaning; gaṁdhamāghrāya corvyāḥ Me. 21;

āmodamupajighraṁtau R. 1. 43; see Bk. 2. 10; 14. 12; R. 3. 3; 13. 70; Ms.

4. 209 also).

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ṅu 1 A. (ṅavate) To sound.

“ṭālayati”, to disturb, frustrate

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ṭal 1 P. (ṭalati) To be onfusced or disturbed.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ṭik 1 A. (ṭekate) To go, move.

Caus. P. “ṭīkayati”, to explain, make clear Desid. “ṭiṭīkiṣate” , ; cf. “ā-ṭīkana,

uṭ-ṭīkita”.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ṭīk 1 A. (ṭīkate) To move, go, resort to; kāśmaryāḥ kṛtamālamudgatadalaṁ

koyaṣṭikaṣṭīkate Māl. 9. 7. –WITH ā to go, move, go about; āṭīkaseṁ’ga

karighoṭīpadātijuṣi vāṭībhuvi kṣitibhujāṁ Aśvad. 5.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ṭval 1 P. To become disturbed or confused.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ḍam 1 P. (ḍamati) To sound.

“ḍayamāna”, 59 ; aor. “aḍayiṣṭa” to fly ; cf. “uḍ-, proḍ-“.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ḍī 1. 4. A. (ḍayate, ḍīyate, ḍiḍye, aḍayiṣṭa, ḍayituṁ, ḍīna)

(1) To fly, pass through the air.

(2) To go. –WITH pra to fly up; haṁsaiḥ praḍīnairiva Mk. 5. 5. –prod to

fly up; proḍḍīyeva balākayā sarabhasaṁ sotkaṁṭhamāliṁgitaḥ 23.

Caus. “ḍhaukayati” (aor. “aḍuḍhaukat” , to bring near (to gen.), cause to

come near, offer, to any one (dat.) Desid. “ḍuḍkaukiṣate” Intens.

“ḍoḍhaukyate”, vii, 4, 82 1 ; cf. “upa”.,

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ḍhauk 1 A. (ḍhaukate, ḍhaukita) To go, approach; yāṁtaṁ vane rātricarī

ḍuḍhauke Bk. 2. 23; 14. 71, 15. 49. –Caus. (ḍhaukayati-te)

(1) To bring near, cause to approach; tanmāṁsaṁ caiva gomāyostaiḥ

kṣaṇādāśu ḍhaukitaṁ Mb.; Bk. 17. 103.

(2) To present, offer. –WITH upa to present, offer; ekaikaṁ

paśumupaḍhaukayāmaḥ Pt. 1.

resist ; to shine, xix, 21 (cf. “kan” and “kam”.)

sg. “-kās” or “-kāt” f. ; Impv. “cakāddhi”, 25 1 []; “-kādhi” [on 3]; pf. “-

kāsāṁ cakāra” [vi, 4, 112 ; cl.1. ā.? 3. du. “cakāśete” , to shine, be bright:

Caus. “cakāsayati” (aor. “acacakāsat” or “acīc-” , to cause to shine, make

bright

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cakās mfn. shining

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cakās 2 P. (rarely A.)(cakāstiste, cakāsāṁcakāra, acakāsīt cakāsita)

(1) To shine, be bright; gaṁḍaścaṁḍi cakāsti nīlanalinaśrīmocanaṁ

locanaṁ Gīt. 10; cakāsataṁ cārucamūrucarmaṇā Śi. 1. 8; Bk. 3. 37.

(2) (Fig.) To be happy or prosperous; vitanvati

kṣemamadevamātṛkāścirāya tasmin kuravaścakāsate Ki. 1. 17. –Caus. To

cause to shine, illuminate; Śi. 3. 6. –WITH vi to shine, be bright.

share of or into ; to hang down from (loc.) ; to rain ; to cover (v.l. for “kaṭ”)

Caus. “cāṭayati”, to break, xxx, 47; to kill (cf. “uc-, vi-“.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

caṭ I. 1 P. (caṭati, caṭita)

(1) To break, fall off, separate.

(2) To rain.

(3) To cover. –II. 10 U. (cāṭapati-te)

(1) To kill, injure.

(2) To pierce, break.

“vaṇ”), xiii, 3: Caus. aor. “acicaṇat”, or “acacāṇat”

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

caṇ 1 P. (caṇati)

(1) To sound.

(2) To go.

(3) To injure, hurt, kill.

wrathful

84

to ask, beg (= “cad”) Caus. “cātayati, -te” (aor. “acīcattam, acīcate” f.), “to

cause to hide”, scare, frighten away (cf. “niś-, pra-, vi-“; cf. also “cātaka,

cātana, cāttra”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cat 1 U. (catati-te)

(1) To ask, beg, request.

(2) To go. –Caus. (cātayati -te)

(1) To cause to hide.

(2) To scare, terrify.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cad 1 U. [cadati-te] To ask, beg.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

can (cf. “kan”), only aor. Subj. 2. du. “caniṣṭam” “to delight in, be satisfied

with (loc.)” ; and 3. sg. “caniṣṭhat” ([“jan-” , “to satisfy, please”

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

can 1. 6. P. [canati]

(1) To sound,

(2) To hurt, injure, kill.

([cf. Lat. ‘candeo’, ‘candela’.])

; to eat cl.5. “camnoti” Caus. “cāmayati”, xix, 69 (cf. “ā, anv-ā-; paryā-

cānta, sam-ā-camya”.)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cam 1 P. (camati, cāṁta)

(1) To drink, sip, drink off; cacāma madhu mādhvīkaṁ Bk. 14. 94.

(2) To eat.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cay 1 A. (cayate) To go to or towards, move.

&c.], 2 sg. “cacartha” ; pl. “cerur”, &c.; “-ratur” &c.; ā. “cere” ; fut. “cariṣyati,

-te”; aor. “acārīt” [ xiv &c.]; inf. “caritum” [ii or “cartum” [ iii, xiii v], Ved.

“caradhyai” [ i, 61, 12], “caritave” [113, 5], “carase” [92, 9 and v, 47, 4],

“carāyai” [vii, 77, 1], “caritos” [ i, 1, 1, 7]; ind. p. “caritvā” ; “cartvā” ;

“cīrtvā”, xiii, 495; p. “carat”) to move one’s self, go, walk, move, stir, roam

about, wander (said of men, animals, water, ships, stars, &c.) &c.; to

spread, be diffused (as fire) ; to move or travel through, pervade, go along,

follow &c.; to behave, conduct one’s self, act, live, treat (with instr. or loc.)

&c.; to be engaged in, occupied or busy with (instr e.g. “yajṇena c-“, “to be

engaged in a sacrifice” &c.; (with [ iv or without [ ii, xiv] “mithunam”) to

have intercourse with, have to do with (instr.); (with a p. or adj. or ind. p. or

adv.) to continue performing or being (e.g. “arcantaś cerur”, “they continued

worshipping” ; “svāminam avajṇāya caret”, “e may go on despising his

master” &c.; (in astron.) to be in any asterism or conjunction ; to undertake,

set about, under go, observe, practise, do or act in general, effect, make

(e.g. “vratāni” “to observe vows” &c.; “vighnaṁ c-“, “to put a hindrance” ;

“bhaikṣaṁ c-” “to beg” ; “vivādaṁ c-“, “to be engaged in a lawsuit” ;

“mṛgayāṁ c-“, “to hunt” ; “sambandhāṁś c”, “to enter into connections” ;

“mārgaṁ cacāra bāṇaiḥ”, “e made a way with arrows” ; “tapasā indriyāṇi c-“,

to exercise one’s organs with penance &c.; to consume, eat (with acc.),

graze ; to make or render (with double acc.) e.g. “narendraṁ satya-sthaṁ

carāma”, “let us make the king keep his word” Caus. “cārayati”, to cause to

move or walk about (aor. “acīcarat”) ; to pasture ; to send, direct, turn,

move &c.; to cause any one (acc.) to walk through (acc.) ; to drive away

from (abl.) ; to cause any one (acc.) to practise or perform (with acc.) ; to

cause (any animal acc.) to eat ; to cause to copulate ; to ascertain (as

through a spy instr.) ; to doubt (cf. “vi-“) Desid. “cicariṣati”, to try to go

“cicarṣat”); to wish to act or conduct one’s self ; to try to have intercourse

with (instr.), vi: Intens. “carcarīti” ā. or rarely ([ iii, 12850]) Pass.

“caṇcūryate” (“-curīti” and “-cūrti” ; ind. p. “-cūrya” ; p. once P. “-cūryat”

3602) to move quickly or repeatedly, walk about, roam about (in loc.) &c.;

to act wantonly or coquettishly (cf. ; ([cf. [characters] &c.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

car 1 P. (carati, cacāra, acārīt, carituṁ, carita or sometimes cīrṇa)

(1) To walk, move, go about, roam, wander; naṣṭāśaṁkā hariṇaśiśavo

maṁdamadaṁ caraṁti S. 1. 15 (car may mean here ‘to graze’ also);

iṁdriyāṇāṁ hi caratāṁ Bg. 2. 67; kapayaścerurārtasya rāmasyeva

manorathāḥ R. 12. 59; Ms. 2. 23, 6. 68; 8. 236; 9. 306; 10. 55.

(2)

(a) To perform, do, act; racayati rekhāḥ salile yastu khale carati

satkāraṁ Bv. 1. 98.

(b) To practise, perform, observe; carataḥ kila duścaraṁ tapaḥ R. 8.

79; Y. 1. 60; Ms. 3. 30.

(3) To act, behave towards, conduct oneself (oft. with loc. of the person);

caraṁtīnāṁ ca kāmataḥ Ms. 5. 90; 9. 287; ātmavatsarvabhūteṣu yaścaret

Mb.; tasyāṁ tvaṁ sādhu nācaraḥ R. 1. 76 (where the root may be also

ācara).

(4) To graze; suciraṁ hi caran śasyaṁ H. 3. 9.

(5) To eat, consume.

(6) To be engaged in, be busy with.

(7) To live, continue to be, continue in any state.

(8) To spread, be diffused.

(9) To live, be, exist. (10) To move, travel through, pervade, go along,

follow. –Caus. (cārayati)

(1) To cause to move or go.

(2) To send, direct, move.

(3) To drive away.

(4) To cause to perform or practise.

(5) To cause to copulate.

(6) To cause to graze, pasture.

(7) To obtain knowledge of, acquaint oneself with.

(8) To doubt. [cf. L. curro.]

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cargh 1 P. (carghati) To go or move.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

carb 1 P. (carbati)

(1) To go, move,

(2) To eat.

pl. “celur”; fut. “caliṣyati”; aor. “acālīt”), to be moved, stir, tremble, shake,

quiver, be agitated, palpitate &c.; to move on or forward, proceed, go away,

start off, depart (“āsanebhyo ‘calan”, “they rose from their seat”, v, 3114)

&c.; to set (said of the day) lxxii, 406; to be moved from one’s usual course,

be disturbed, become confused or disordered, go astray &c.; to turn away

from, swerve, deviate from (abl. e.g. “dharmāt”, to swerve from virtue , fall

off (with abl.) &c.; to sport about, frolic, play ( xxviii, 64) 320: Caus.

“calayati” ( 1-3, 87), to cause to move, move, shake, jog, push, agitate,

disturb ; to cause to deviate, turn off from (abl.) Caus. “cālay-” (Pass.

“cālyate”) to cause to move, shake, jog, push, agitate &c.; to drive, drive

away, remove or expel from (abl.) 2697; to disturb, make confused or

disordered ; to cause to deviate from (abl.) ; to cherish, foster (v.l. for

“bal”): Intens. “caṇcalyate” (cf. “caṇcala”) or “cāc-” (cf. “a-vicācala” ff.) ; ([cf.

[characters]; Lat. ‘celer’, ‘pro-cello’, ‘ex-‘.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cal I. 1 P. (calati, rarely calate, cacāla, acālīt, calituṁ, calita)

(1) To shake, tremble, move, throb, palpitate, stir; chinnāśceluḥ kṣaṇaṁ

bhujāḥ Bk. 14. 40; sapakṣodririvācālīt 15. 24; 6. 84.

(2)

(a) To go, move on, walk, stir or move (from one’s place);

padātpadamapi calituṁ na śaknoti Pt. 4; ca latyekena pādenatiṣṭhatyekena

buddhimān Chaṇ. 32; cacāla bālā stanabhinnavalkalā Ku. 5. 84; Mk. 1. 56.

(b) To proceed (on one’s way), depart, set out, start off;

celuścīraparigrahāḥ Ku. 6. 92 vl.

(3) To be affected, to be disturbed, confused or disordered (as mind), be

agitated or perturbed; munerapi yatastasya darśanāccalate manaḥ Pt. 1. 400;

lobhena buddhiścalati H. 1. 140.

(4) To deviate or swerve (with abl.); calati nayānna jigīṣatāṁ hi cetaḥ Ki.

10. 29; to fall off, leave; Ms. 7. 15; Y. 1. 361. –Caus. (ca-cā-layati, calita,

cālita)

(1) To cause to move, shake, stir; R. 8. 53.

(2) To drive away, dismiss, remove or expel from; cāṇakye

calitādhikāravimukhe Mu. 4. 15.

(3) To lead away from.

(4) To cherish, foster (cālayati only).

(5) To disturb, agitate; sujanaṁ janāścalayituṁ ka īśate Śi. 15. 40. –II. 6

P. (calati, calita) To sport, play, frolic about.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cah 1 P., 10 U. (cahati, cahayati te)

(1) To be wicked.

(2) To cheat, deceive.

(3) To be proud or haughty.

(4) To grind, pound.

“acāsīt” ; 1. sg. “acāyiṣam” ; ind. p. “cāyitvā”), to observe, perceive, notice

(cf. ; to fear, be afraid of (acc.) vii; ix, 1, 1 ā. (pr. p. 1. “cāyamāna”) to

behave respectfully Intens. “cekīyate” ; ([cf. “ceru”, [characters]. ])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cāy 1 U(cāyati-te)

(1) To observe, discern, see; taṁ pārvatīyapramadāścacāyire

vikāśavisphāritavibhramekṣaṇāḥ Śi. 12. 51.

(2) To worship honour.

“cicāya”, vii, 3, 58; 2. “cicetha”, 2, 61 ; 3. pl. “cikyur” ; p. “cikivas” ; ā.

“cikye” and “cicye” ; p. “cikyāna” v; 2nd fut. p. “ceṣyat” ; 1st fut. “cetā” ; aor.

“acaiṣīt” on iii, 1, 42 and vii, 2, 1; Ved. “cikayām akar”, iii, 1, 42 ; 1. sg.

“acaiṣam”, 2. sg. “acais” ; 3. pl. “acaiṣur” ; ā. “aceṣṭa” ; Prec. “ceṣīṣṭa”

“cīyāt”, vii, 4, 25 ; ind. p. “citvā” &c.; Pass. “cīyate” &c.; fut. “cāyiṣyate” &

“ceṣy-” Cond. “acāyiṣyata” & “aceṣy-” to arrange in order, heap up, pile up,

construct (a sacrificial altar; P., if the priests construct the altar for another;

ā., if the sacrificer builds it for himself) ; to collect, gather together,

accumulate, acquire for one’s self ; to search through (for collecting; cf. 2.

“ci”) (); to cover, inlay, set with ; Pass. “cīyate”, to become covered with ; to

increase, thrive ( Caus. “cayayati” and “capay-“, to heap up, gather ;

“cāyayati” and “cāpay-” Desid. “cikīṣate” (also “-ti”, vii, 3, 58 to wish to pile

up ; “cicīṣati” ( 7-3, 58 ; vi, 4, 16, [ed. “vivīṣ-“] to wish to accumulate or

collect Desid. Caus. (p. “cicīṣayat”) to cause any one to wish to arrange in

order Intens. “cecīyate” on

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ci Ved. cl.3. (“ciketi”, fr. “ki” ; Impv. “ciketu” ; Subj. ā. “ciketa”; impf.

“aciket” ; aor. 2. pl. ā. “acidhvam” ; 3. sg. “acait” [fr. 4. “cit” to observe,

perceive (with acc. or gen.) ; to fix the gaze upon, be intent upon ; to seek

for cl.5. “cinoti” (p. “-nvat”, ā. “-nvāna”) to seek for, investigate, search

through, make inquiries (cf. 1. “ci”) Intens. “cekite” see 4. “cit”; ([cf. Lat.

‘scio’.])

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ci cl.1. “cayate” (p. “cayamāna”) to detest, hate ( iv, 25) ; to revenge,

punish, take vengeance on (acc.), ii, 27, 4; ix, 47, 2 ; ([cf. “apaciti, kāti”;

[characters]. ])

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ci I. 5 U. (cinoti, cinute, cikācā-ya, cicye-kye, acaiṣīt-aceṣṭa, cetuṁ, -cita;

caus. cāyayati, cāpayati, also cayayati, capayati, desid. cicīṣati, -cikīṣati)

(1) To collect, gather, accumulate (said to govern two accusatives being a

dvikarmaka root, but this use is very rare in classical literature); vṛkṣaṁ

puṣpāṇi cinvatī.

(2) To gather for oneself, acquire, gain; cicīṣatāṁ janmavatāmalaghvīṁ

bhūtiṁ Ki. 3. 11, 2. 19, Mv. 3. 4.

(3) To search, look out for; Bh. 3. 46.

(4) To pile or heap up, place in a line; parvatāniva te

bhūmāvacairṣuvānarottamān Bk. 15. 76.

(5) To set, inlay, cover or fill with, see cita. –pass. To bear fruit, grow,

increase, thrive, prosper; sicyate cīyate caiva latā puṣpaphalapradā Pt. 1. 222

bears fruit; cīyate bāliśasyāpi satkṣetrapatitā kṛṣiḥ Mu. 1. 3; gajahaṁsa tava

saiva śubhratā cīyate na ca na cāpacīyate K. P. 10. –II. 3 P. (ciketi) Ved.

(1) To observe, see, perceive.

(2) To look steadfastly upon.

(3) To be intent upon.

(4) To seek for, search, investigate, make inquiries, search through. –III.

1 A. (cayate)

(1) To detest, hate.

(2) To revenge, take vengeance on. –IV. 1 U. (cāyati-te)

(1) To fear, dread, be afraid of (with acc.).

(2) To respect, honour.

(3) To observe; cf. cāy.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ciṭ 1 P., 10 U. (ceṭati, ceṭayati-te) To send forth or out (as a servant.)

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cit mfn. ( 3-2, 92) forming a layer or stratum, piled up (cf. “kaṅka-, karma-,

cakṣuś-, droṇa-, prāṇa-, manaś-, rathacakra-, vāk-, śyena-“, and “śrotra-cit”.)

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cit mfn. ifc. “knowing” see “ṛta-cit”

mfn. “giving heed to” or “revenging [guilt, “ṛṇa-“]” see “ṛṇa-“.

[4] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cit mfn. ifc. “id.” see 2. “cit”.

[5] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cit 1. 2. 3 “cit”. see 1. 2. 3. “ci”.

[6] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cit cl.1. “cetati” (impf. “acetat” ; p. “cetat” cl.2. (ā. Pass. 3. sg. “cite”, x, 143,

4; p. f. instr. “citantyā”, i, 129, 7; ā. “citāna”, ix, 101, 11 cl.3.irreg. “cīhetati”

(; Subj. “ciketat” ; Impv. 2. sg. “cikiddhi” ; p. “cikitāna” ; perf. “ciketa” &c.;

“ciceta” ; 3. du. “cetatur” ; ā. and Pass. “cikite” &c.; 3. pl. “-tre” ; for p.

“cikitvas” see s.v.; ā. Pass. “cicite” ; aor. “acetīt” ; ā. Pass. “aceti” and “ceti” ;

for “acait” see 2. “ci”; fut. 1st “cettā”, i, 22, 5) to perceive, fix the mind upon,

attend to, be attentive, observe, take notice of (acc. or gen.) ; to aim at,

intend, design (with dat.) ; to be anxious about, care for (acc. or gen.), i, ix

f.; to resolve, iii, 53, 24; x, 55, 6; to understand, comprehend, know (perf.

often in the sense of pr.) ; P. ā. to become perceptible, appear, be regarded

as, be known Caus. “cetayati, -te” (2. pl. “cetayadhvam” Subj. “cetayat”

Impv. 2. du. “cetayethām” impf. “acetayat” ; 3. pl. “citayante” ; p. “citayat”

(eleven times); “cetayat”, x, 110, 8, &c.; ā. “cetayāna” see s.v.) to cause to

attend, make attentive, remind of. i, 131, 2 and iv, 51, 3; to cause to

comprehend, instruct, teach ; to observe, perceive, be intent upon ; ā. (once

P. to form an idea in the mind, be conscious of, understand, comprehend,

think, reflect upon ; P. to have a right notion of. know ; P. “to recover

consciousness”, awake ; ā. to remember, have consciousness of (acc.) ; to

appear, be conspicuous, shine iii: Desid. “cikitsati” (fr. “kit” ; exceptionally ā.

; Impv. “-tsatu” Subj. “-tsāt” aor. 2. sg. “acikitsīs” ; Pass. p. “cikitsyamāna”

to have in view, aim at, be desirous ; to care for, be anxious about, vi, x; (

3-1, 5 to treat medically, cure ; to wish to appear : Caus. of Desid. (fut.

“cikitsayiṣyati”) to cure Intens. “cekite” (fr. 2. “ci”?, or for “-tte” ; p. “cekitat”,

ix, 111, 3; ā. “cekitāna” eight times) to appear, be conspicuous, shine

[7] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cit mfn. ifc. “thinking” see “a-, duś-, manaś-, vipaś-“, and “huraś-cit”

[8] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cit mfn. cf. also “apa-cit”

[9] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cit f. thought, intellect, spirit, soul

[10] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cit f. cf. “sa-” and “ā cit”

[11] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cit f. pure Thought (Brahma cf. p.34)

[12] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cit ind. only in comp.

[13] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cit 1 P., 10 A. (cetati, cetayate, cetita)

(1) To perceive, see, notice, observe; neṣūnacetannasyaṁtaṁ Bk. 17. 16;

ciceta rāmastatkṛcchraṁ 14. 62; 15. 38; 2. 29.

(2) To know, understand, be aware or conscious of;

parairadhyāruhyamāṇamātmānaṁ na cetayate Dk. 154;

kādaṁbarīrasabhareṇa samasta eva matto na kiṁcidapi cetayate janoyaṁ K.

240.

(3) To regain consciousness.

(4) To aim at, intend, design (with dat.).

(5) To desire or long for.

(6) To be anxious about, care for, be intent upon, be engaged in.

(7) To resolve upon.

(8) To appear, shine.

(9) To be regarded as. (10) To make attentive, remind of.

(11) To teach, instruct.

(12) To form an idea, be conscious of, understand, comprehend, think,

reflect upon.

[14] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cit f. [cit-saṁpadā- bhāve kvip]

(1) Thought, preception.

(2) Intelligence, intellect, understanding; Bh. 2. 1; 3. 1.

(3) The heart, mind.

(4) The soul, spirit, the animating principle of life.

(5) Brahman.

— Comp.

–ātman m. 1. the thinking principle or faculty. –2. pure intelligence,

the Supreme Spirit.

–ātmakaṁ consciousness.

–ābhāsaḥ the individual soul (jīva) (which still sticks to worldly

defilements).

–ullāsaḥ gladdening the heart or spirit.

–ghanaḥ the Supreme Spirit or Brahman.

–pravṛttiḥ f. reflection, thinking.

–rūpa a. 1. consisting of intelligence. –2. wise, intelligent, of a liberal

mind. –3. amiable, good-hearted. (

–paṁ) pure intelligence, the Supreme Being.

–śaktiḥ f. mental power, intellectual capacity.

–svarūpaṁ the Supreme spirit. –ind.

(1) A particle added to kiṁ and its derivatives (such as kad, kathaṁ, kva,

kadā, kutra, kutaḥ &c.) to impart to them an indefinite sense; kutracit

somewhere; kecit some &c.

(2) The sound cit.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cill 1 P. (cillati, cillita)

(1) To become loose, be slack or flacid.

(2) To act wantonly, sport.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cīk 1. 10. P. (cīkati, cīkayati)

(1) To endure, bear, suffer.

(2) To be impatient.

(3) To touch.

to split, cut off cl.1. “coṭati” (“cuṇṭ-, cuṇḍ-“), to become small (cf. “cuṭṭ” and

“buṭ”).

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cuṭ I. 6. 10. P. (cuṭati, coṭayati) To cut off, divide. –II. 1. 10. P. (coṭati,

coṭayati) To become small, to be diminished, wane.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cuḍḍ 1 P. (cuḍḍati)

(1) To dally, sport.

(2) To hint one’s meaning.

(3) To act or do.

dethām”; aor. 2. sg. “codīs”; pr. p. see “a-codat”), to impel, incite, animate ;

to bring or offer quickly (as the Soma) ; ā. to hasten Caus. “codayati”, rarely

“-te” (Subj. 2. sg. “-yāsi, -yāse”; aor. “acūcudat” ; p. “codayat”; Pan.

“codyamāna”), to sharpen, whet (cf. 3, 5); ix, 50, 1; x, 120, 5; to impel,

incite, cause to move quickly, accelerate &c.; (with “cakṣus”) to direct (the

eye) towards (loc.) ; to inspire, excite, animate ; to request, petition, ask,

urge on, press or importune with a request &c.; help on, assist in the

attainment of (dat.) ; to bring or offer quickly, vi, 48, 9; vii, 77, 4; to ask for

; to inquire after ; to enjoin, fix, settle ; to object, criticise ; to be quick ; ([cf.

[characters]; Lat. ‘cudo’.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cud I. 10 U. (codayati-te, –codita)

(1) To send, direct, throw forward, urge or drive on, push on;

codayāśvān S. 1.

(2) To prompt, inspire, impel, animate, excite; R. 4. 24.

(3) To hasten, accelerate.

(4) To question, ask.

(5) To press with a request.

(6) To put forward, adduce, as an argument or objection.

(7) To enjoin, lay down; Ms. 2. 165.

(8) To request, solicit.

(9) To help on. (10) To bring or offer quickly.

(11) To fix, settle, direct.

(12) To be quick. –II. 1 U. Ved. (codati te)

(1) To impel, incite.

(2) To offer quickly (Soma).

(3) To hasten, be quick.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cup cl.6.v.l. for “chup”.

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cup 1 P. (copati) To move slowly, creep or steal along.

up (by internal inflammation) : Caus. “-ṣayati”, to suck up, iv; cf. “saṁ-“.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cūṣ 1 P. (cūṣati, cūṣita) To drink, suck up or out.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cel 1 P. (celati)

(1) To go, move.

(2) To shake, be disturbed, tremble.

effort, exert one’s self, struggle, strive, be active ; to be busy or occupied

with (acc.); to act, do, perform, care for ; to prepare (ind. p. “ceṣṭitvā”):

Caus. “tayati, -te” (aor. “aciceṣṭat” [Bhaṭt. xv, 60] or “acac-” to cause to

move, set in motion, impel, drive

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ceṣṭ 1 A. (ceṣṭate, ceṣṭita)

(1) To move about, stir, be active, show signs of life; yadā sa devo

jāgarti tadedaṁ ceṣṭate jagat Ms. 1. 52; Māl. 8. 8; S. 6. 27.

(2) To make effort, endeavour, exert oneself, struggle.

(3) To perform, do (anything).

(4) To frequent.

(5) To behave, act. –WITH vi 1. to stir, move, be in motion, move about.

–2. to act, behave.

mfn. “shaking, causing to fall, removing, destroying” see “acyuta-,

dhruva-, parvata-, bāhu-, mada-cyut”.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cyut (= “ścut, ścyut”) cl.1. “cyotati” (aor. “acyutat” and “acyotīt; acyutīt” to

flow, trickle, ooze ; to fall down, 29; to cause to stream forth, Uttarar iii, 35

Caus. “cyotayati”, to lixiviate

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

cyut mfn. “distilling.” see “mada-, madhu-“.

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cyut 1 P. (cyotati)

(1) To drop, flow, ooze, trickle, stream forth; idaṁ śoṇitamabhyagraṁ

saṁprahāre’cyutattayoḥ Bk. 6. 28.

(2) To drop or fall down, slip; idaṁ kavacamacyotīt Bk. 6. 29.

(3) To cause to drop or stream forth.

(4) To wet thoroughly, moisten.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

cham 1 P. (chamati) To eat, consume.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

chaṣ 1 U. (chaṣati-te) To hurt, injure, kill.

“chartsy-” ; pf. “caccharda”, 3. pl. “-cchṛdur”, 4, 83 3 to vomit ; to utter,

leave ; P. ā. (“chṛntte”) to shine ; to play cl.1. “chardati” (v.l. “-rpati”) to

kindle, xxxiv, 14: Caus. “chardayati” id. (v.l. “-rpay-“); to cause to flow over

; to vomit, eject (with or without acc.) ; to cause to spit or vomit ; ā. to

vomit Desid. “cicchardiṣati” and “-cchṛtsati” Caus. Desid. “cicchardayiṣati”, 4,

83 2 ; cf. “ā-, pra-“.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

chṛd I. 1 P., 10 U. (chardati, chardayati te) To kindle. –II. 7 P. (chṛṇatti,

chṛnna)

(1) To play.

(2) To shine.

(3) To vomit. –Caus. (chardayati-te)

(1) To pour out.

(2) To spit out, eject, vomit.

(3) To kindle, light.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

chyu 1 A. (chyavate) To go, move approach.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jaṁs 10 P. (jaṁsayati)

(1) To protect.

(2) To liberate, release, set free.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jaṭ 1 P. (jaṭati) To clot, become twisted or matted together (as hair).

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jaj, jaṁj 1 P. (jajati or jaṁjati) To fight.

“ajanat” ; p. “janat”), “janayati, -te” (in later language only P. Subj. “-nayat”;

impf. “ajanayat”; aor. “ajījanat”; p. “janayat”; inf. “janayitavai” xiv), twice

cl.3. (Subj. “jajanat” [ ix, 8]; cf. ; pr. “jajanti” aor. ā. “janiṣṭa”; ā. “ajani”

“jajāna”; 3. pl. “jajṇur” &c.; once “jajanur”, viii, 97, 10 p. “-jṇivas”; Ved. inf.

“janitos”, iv, 6, 7 iii; [ 3-4, 6]; Ved. ind. p. “-nitvī” to generate, beget,

produce, create, cause &c.; to produce (a song of praise, &c.) ; (cl. 10 or

Caus.) to cause to be born ,; to assign, procure cl.4. “jāyate” (ep. also “-ti”;

impf. “ajāyata”; pr. p. “jayamāna”; fut. “janiṣyate”; aor. “aaniṣṭa”; 1. [ viii, 6,

10] and 3. sg. “ajani”; 3 “sani” “jani”, i, 141, 1; “jāni”, 7, 36; perf. “jajṇe”, 2.

sg. “-jṇiṣe” 3. pl. “-jṇire”, p. “-jṇāna”) and ([]) cl, 2. (?) ā. (2. sg. “jaṇiṣe”, 2.

pl. “-jiṇre, -niṣvā” [vi, 15, 18], “-nidhvam” cf. ; impf. 3. p. “ajṇata” [aor.

cl.1.ā. (impf. 3. pl. “ajanatā” ; p. “janamāna”, viii, 99, 3) to be born or

produced, come into existence &c.; to grow (as plants, teeth) iv f. ; to be

born as, be by birth or nature (with double nom.) ; to be born or destined

for (acc.) (v.l. “jayate” for “jāy-“); to be born again Introd. 14; to become,

be &c.; to be changed into (dat.) ; to take place, happen ; to be possible or

applicable or suitable ; to generate, produce Pass. “janyate”, to be born or

produced Desid. “jijaniṣati”, 42 Intens. “jaṇjanyate” and “jājāy-“, 43 (cf. ;

([cf. [characters] Lat. ‘gigno’, ‘(g) nascor’; Hib. ‘genim’, “I beget, generate.”])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jan “jan-” m. ( 6-4, 53) a progenitor, father, [characters] (Lat.) “genitor” ;

(“janitrī”) f. a mother, [characters] ‘genitrix’

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jan 4 A. (jāyate, jajñe, ajāni-ajaniṣṭa, janituṁ, jāta; pass. janyate or jāyate)

(1) To be born or produced (with abl. of source of birth); ajani te vai

putraḥ Ait. Br.; Ms. 1. 9; 3. 39, 41; prāṇādvāyurajāyata Rv. 10. 90. 12; Ms.

10. 8; 3. 76; 1. 75.

(2) To rise, spring up, grow (as a plant &c.).

(3) To be, become, happen, take place, occur; aniṣṭādiṣṭalābhe’pi na

gatirjāyate śubhā H. 1. 6; raktanetro’jāni kṣaṇāt Bk. 6. 32; Y. 3. 226; Ms. 1.

99.

(4) To be possible, applicable &c.

(5) To be born or destined for anything. –Caus’ (janayati)

(1) To give birth, beget, cause, produce.

(2) To cause, occasion.

ind. p. “-ptvā” ; “-pitvā” to utter in a low voice, whisper, mutter (esp.

prayers or incantations) &c.; to pray to any one (acc.) in a low voice ; to

invoke or call upon in a low voice i: Intens. “jaṇjapyate, -pīti” ( 7-4, 86; p.

“pyamāna”) to whisper repeatedly (implying blame, iii, 1, 24)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jap 1 P. (japati, japita or japta)

(1) To utter in a low voice, repeat internally, mutter; japannapi

tavaivālāpamaṁtrāvaliṁ Gīt. 5; haririti haririti japati sakāmaṁ 4; N. 11. 26.

(2) To mutter prayers or spells; Ms. 11. 194, 251, 260.

(3) To pray to one or invoke in a low voice.

snap at (gen.) Caus. “jambhayati” (p. “-yat”) to crush, destroy Intens.

“jaṇjabhyate” (and “-bhīti” ; p. “bhyamāna” [ ii, 5, 2, 4 , “-bhāna” [ 114], “-

bhat” [śāṅkhśr. iv, 20, 1]) opening the jaws wide, snapping at (implying

blame cf. “abhi-” and “jrimbh”.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jabh or #jambh cl.1. “jabhati” or “jambh-” ā. () “jabhate” (aor.

“ajambhiṣṭa”), v l. for “yabh” ( xxiii, 11) to know carnally (inf. “jabhitum” v.l.

“yabh-“).

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jabh, jaṁbh I. 1 P. (jabhati, jaṁbhati) To copulate; cf. yabh –II.

(1) A. (jabhate, jaṁbhate)

(1) To yawn, gape.

(2) To snap at; seize with the mouth. –Caus. (jaṁbhayati) To crush,

destroy, dispel.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jam (derived fr. “jamad-agni”) cl.1. “jamati”, to go ; to eat Intens. p.

“jājamat” consuming continually

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jam 1 P. (jamati) To eat.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jarc (rch, rj) 1. 6. P.

(1) To say, speak.

(2) To blame, reprove, censure.

(3) To threaten or menace.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jarjh 9. 6 P. (jarjhati)

(1) To say, speak.

(2) To blame.

(3) To threaten, menace.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jarts 1 P. (jartsati)

(1) To say, speak.

(2) To blame, censure, abuse.

(3) To protect.

inarticulately, murmur ; to chatter, prattle ; to say, speak, converse with

(instr. or “sārdham”) &c.; to speak about (acc.) ; = “arc”, to praise ; (said of

the Koīl) to sound (its song) Caus. “jalpayati” to cause to speak

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jalp 1 P. (jalpati, jalpita)

(1) To speak, talk, speak or converse (with another); aviralitakapolaṁ

jalpatorakrameṇa U. 1. 27; ekena jalpaṁtyanalpākṣaraṁ Pt. 1. 136; Bh. 1.

82.

(2) To murmur, speak inarticulately.

(3) To chatter, prattle, babble.

(4) To praise.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jaṣ 1 U. (jaṣati-te) To injure, hurt, kill.

P. to liberate Caus. “jāsayati” (aor. “ajījasata”, 2. du. “jajastam”) to exhaust,

weaken, cause to expire ; to hurt (cf. ; to strike, xxxiii; to contemn ; cf. “uj-,

ni-; projjāsana”.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jas I. 4 P. (jasyati)

(1) To set free, release.

(2) To be exhausted or tired.

(3) To go. –II. 1. 10. P. (jasati, jāsayati)

(1) To hurt, injure, strike.

(2) To disregard, slight.

&c. [ 6-1, 189 ; Impv. “-gṛhi, -gṛtāt, -gṛtam, -gṛta”; Subj. “-garat”; Pot. “-

gṛyāt”, or “-griy-” impf. “ajāgar” [ x, 104, 9]; p. “jāgrat”; rarely ā.

“jāgramāṇa” ; pf. Ved. “jāgāra” [ sg. “-gara” [ x, 149, 5], p. “-gṛvas” [see

s.v.]; pf. class. [ 3-1, 38; vii, 3, 85; but cf. vi, 1, 8 “jajāgāra” or “jāgaraṁ-

cakāra”; fut. 2nd “jāgriṣyati” &c. [ā. fut. 1st “-ritā” 1 ; aor. “ajāgarīt”, vii, 2,

5; Pass. impers. “ajagāri”, 3, 85; Prec. “jāgaryāt”, iii, 4, 104 to be awake or

watchful &c.; to awake ; to watch over, be attentive to or intent on, care for,

provide, superintend (with loc. or loc. with “adhi”) &c. (with acc. ; (said of

fire) to go on burning Prāyaśc. i, 5; to be evident ; to look on Caus. (aor. 2.

and 3. sg. “ajīgar” Impv. “jigṛtam, -ta”) to awaken ; “jāgarayati”, ( 7-3, 85;

aor. Pass. impers. “aṇāgari” or “-gāri” id. ; ([cf. [characters]; Lat. ‘vigilo’.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jāgṛ 2 P. (jāgārti, jāgarita)

(1) To be awake, be watchful or attentive (fig. also); so’pasarpairjajāgāra

yathākālaṁ svapannapi R. 17. 51; gurau ṣāḍguṇyaciṁtāyāmārye cārye ca

jāgrati Mu. 7. 13; to sit up during the night; yā niśā sarvabhūtānāṁ tasyāṁ

jāgarti saṁyamī Bg. 2. 69.

(2) To be roused from sleep, awake.

(3) To foresee, be provident.

jeṣma”, 2. sg. “jes” and ā. “jeṣi” Subj. “jeṣat, -ṣas, -ṣāma” ; aor. ā. “ajeṣṭa”;

fut. 1st. “jetā” &c.; fut. 2nd. “jeṣyati”, x, 34, 6 &c.; pf. “jigāya” [ 7-3, 57],

“jigetha, jigyur”; p. “jigīvas” [“-givas” ; acc. pl. “-gyuṣas”] &c.; Inf. “jiṣe”, i,

111, 4 and 112, 12; “jetave” ; Class. “jetum”: Pass. “jīyate, ajīyata” [ xi, 65],

“ajāyi, jāyiṣyate”; for “jīyate” and cl.9. “jināti” see “jyā”) to win or acquire (by

conquest or in gambling), conquer (in battle), vanquish (in a game or

lawsuit), defeat, excel, surpass &c. (with “punar”, “to reconquer” ; to

conquer (the passions), overcome or remove (any desire or difficulties or

diseases) &c.; to expel from (abl.) ; to win anything (acc.) from (acc.),

vanquish anyone (acc.) in a game (acc.) ; to be victorious, gain the upper

hand ; often pr. in the sense of an Impv. “long live!” “glory to” &c.: Caus.

“jāpayati” ( 6-1, 48 and vii, 3, 36) to cause to win ; (aor. 2. pl, “ajījipata” and

“ajījap-“) ; to conquer (aor. “ajījayat”): Pass. “jāpyate”, to be made to

conquer Desid. “jigīṣati, -te” ( 7-3, 57; p. “-ṣat, -ṣamāṇa”) to wish to win or

obtain or conquer or excel &c.; (ā.) to seek for prey Intens. “jejīyate”

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ji mfn. conquering

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

ji m. a Piśāca

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

ji 1 P. (Atm. when preceded, by parā and vi) (jayati, jigāya jigye ajaiṣīt-

ajeṣṭa, jetuṁ, jita)

(1) To conquer, defeat, overcome, vanquish, subjugate; jayati

tulāmadhirūḍho bhāsvānapi jaladapaṭalāni Pt. 1. 330; Bk. 15. 76, 19. 2.

(2) To surpass, excel; garjitānaṁtarāṁ vṛṣṭiṁ saubhāgyena jigāya sā Ku.

2. 53; R. 3. 34; Ghaṭ. 22; Śi. 1. 19.

(3) To win (by conquest, in gambling or in a law-suit), acquire by

conquest; prāgajīyata ghṛṇā tato mahī R. 11. 65; (where ji means ‘to

conquer’ also); Ms. 7. 96.

(4) To curb, restrain, control, conquer (as passions).

(5) To be victorious, be supreme or pre-eminent (generally used in

benedictory stanzas or salutations); jayatu jayatu mahārājaḥ (in dramas). sa

jayati pariṇaddhaḥ śaktibhiḥ śaktināthaḥ Mal. 5. 1; jitamuḍupatinā namaḥ

surebhyaḥ Ratn. 1. 5; Bh. 2. 24; Gīt. 1. 1.

(6) To convict.

(7) To overcome or get the better of (as a disease &c.).

(8) To expect from (with abl.). –Caus. (jāpayati) To cause to win or

conquer. –Desid. (jigīṣati) To wish to win, acquire or excel, to vie with,

emulate, to seek for; calati nayānna jigīṣatāṁ hi cetaḥ Ki. 10. 29. –WITH

adhi to conquer, defeat, vanquish; Bk. 19. 2.

pf. 3. du. “jijinvathur”) to move one’s self. be active or lively () ; to urge on,

cause to move quickly, impel, incite ; to refresh, animate ; to promote, help,

favour ; to help any one (acc.) to anything (dat.) ; to receive favourably

(prayers or acts of devotion) ; vii f.; x: Caus. (“jinvayati”) v.l. for “juṇc” q.v.;

cf. “ā-, pra-“, and “upa-pra-“.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jinv 1 P. (jinvati)

(1) To be active or lively, busy oneslf.

(2) To urge on, impel, excite.

(3) To refresh, animate.

(4) To promote.

(5) To grant, confer.

(6) To please, satisfy.

[Page 421,3]

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jim 1 P. (jemati) To eat.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jiṣ 1 P. (jeṣati) To sprinkle.

; pf. “jijīva”; fut. “jīviṣyati”; Prec. “-vyāsam, -vyāsma” ; inf. “jīvitum”, xiv

&c.; Ved. “-vāse” ; “jīvitavaī”. to live, be or remain alive &c.; to revive ;

(with “punar”) ; to live by (instr.; exceptionally loc., v, 1059f.) &c.: Caus.

“jīvayati” (ep. also ā.; aor. “aījijvat” or “ajijīv-” to make alive, restore to life,

vivify &c.; to support life, keep alive &c.; to nourish, bring up, i, xiii ; to

shout “”jīva”” (i.e. long live!) cxxiv, 113; “jīvāpayati” (cf. “-pita”) to restore to

life Desid. “jijīviṣati” (ā to wish to live &c.; to seek a livelihood, wish to live

by (instr.) ; “jujyūṣati” id. ; cf. “jijyūṣita”; ([cf. Lat. ‘vivo’; Lith. ‘gIvenu’.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jīv 1 P. (jīvati, jīvita)

(1) To live, be alive; yasmiñjīvati jīvaṁti bahavaḥ so’tra jīvati Pt. 1. 23;

mā jīvan yaḥ parāvajñāduḥkhadagdhopi jīvati Śi. 2. 45; Ms. 2. 235.

(2) To revive, come to life.

(3) To live by, subsist on, make a livelihood by (with instr.); satyānṛtaṁ

tu vāṇijyaṁ tena caivāpi jīvyate Ms. 4. 6; vipaṇena ca jīvaṁtaḥ 3. 152, 162;

11. 26; sometimes used with acognate accusative in this sense;

ajihmāmaśaṭhāṁ śuddhāṁ jīvedbrāhmaṇajīvikāṁ Ms. 4. 11.

(4) (Fig.) To live or prey upon, depend upon as one’s source of existence

(with loc.); caurāḥ pramatte jīvaṁti vyādhiteṣu cikitsakāḥ . pramadāḥ

kāmayāneṣu yajamāneṣu yācakāḥ .. rājā vivadamāneṣu nityaṁ mūrkheṣu

paṁḍitāḥ Mb. –Caus.

(1) To restore to life.

(2) To nourish, nurture, bring up.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jut 1 A. (jotate) To shine.

pl. “-ṣerata” ; Impv. “-ṣatām”; impf. “ajuṣata”, ii, 37, 4; 1. sg. “ajuṣe” ; p. “-

ṣamāṇa”) cl.3.P.irr. “jujoṣati” (Subj. and p. “jujoṣat”; cf. 2; Impv. 2. pl. “-

juṣṭana” cl.1. P. “joṣati” (Subj. “joṣat”; – aor. p. “juṣāṇa”; 3. pl. “ajuṣran”, i,

71, 1; 2. sg. “joṣi”, ii, iv; 3. sg. “joṣiṣat”, ii, 35, 1 [cf. on ; pf. “jujoṣa, –

juṣe”; p. “-juṣvas”, generally “-ṣāṇa”; ind. p. “juṣṭvī” to be pleased or

satisfied or favourable &c.; to like, be fond of delight in (acc. or gen.), enjoy

(with “tanvām” or “-vas”, “to be delighted”, iii, 1, 1; x, 8, 3) &c.; to have

pleasure in granting anything (acc.) to (loc.) ; to have pleasure in (dat.),

resolve to (Ved. Inf.), i, 167, 5; iv, 24, 5 ; to give pleasure to (loc.) ; to

choose for (dat.) ; to devote one’s self to (acc.), practise, undergo, suffer ; to

delight in visiting, frequent, visit, inhabit, enter (a carriage &c.) ; to afflict iii:

Caus. ā. (Subj. 2. sg. “joṣayāse”) to like, love, behave kindly towards (acc.),

cherish ; to delight in, approve of (acc.), choose ; (P. cf. ; ([cf. [characters];

Zd. ‘zaoSa’; Hib. ‘gus’; Goth. ‘kiusu’; Lat. ‘gus-tus’.])

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

juṣ mfn. ifc. liking, fond of, devoted to (once with acc. ; cf. “nikṛtiṁ-“)

mfn. dwelling in

mfn. visiting, approaching

mfn. having, showing Introd. 5l; xv, 4 169

mfn. similar

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

juṣ mfn. cf. “sa-“.

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

juṣ I. 6 A. (juṣate-juṣṭa)

(1) To be pleased or satisfied.

(2) To be favourable or propitious.

(3) To like, be found of, take pleasure or delight in, enjoy; sattvaṁ

juṣāṇasya bhavāya dehināṁ Bhag.

(4) To devote or attach oneself to, practise, undergo, suffer;

paulastyo’juṣata śucaṁ vipannavaṁdhuḥ Bk. 17. 112.

(5) To frequent, visit, inhabit; jupraṁte parvataśreṣṭhamṛṣayaḥ

parvasaṁdhiṣu Mb.

(6) To enter, seat oneself, resort to; rathaṁ ca jujuṣe śubhaṁ Bk. 14. 95.

(7) To choose.

(8) To enjoy, possess, have; Māl. 5. 18.

(9) To happen to. (10) To delight in granting or performing.

(11) To show oneself favourable towards. –Caus.

(1) To like, be fond of.

(2) To fondle, cherish.

(3) To delight in, approve of, rejoice at. –II. 1 P., 10 U. (joṣati, joṣayati-

te)

(1) To reason, think.

(2) To investigate, examine.

(3) To hurt.

(4) To be satisfied.

[5] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

juṣ a. (At the end of comp.)

(1) Liking, enjoying, taking delight in; Bh. 3. 103.

(2) Visiting, approaching, going to, taking, amusing, resorting to &c.;

paralokajuṣāṁ R. 8. 85; rajojuṣe janmani K. 1.

Sautra root ; Subj. 2. sg. “junās”; aor Subj. “jūjuvat”; pf. 3. pl. “jūjuvur”) to,

press forwards, hurry on, be quick ; to impel quickly, urge or drive on, incite

; to scare ; to excite, promote, animate, inspire Caus. aor. “ajījavat” Caus.

Desid. “jijavayiṣati” ; cf. “pra-“.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jū mfn. ( 3-2, 177 and 178 2) quick, speedy, (m.) courser

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jū mfn. (ii, 14, 3? acc. pl.; see 2. “jur”)

mfn. inciting, driving ,

[4] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jū f. speed

[5] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jū f. the atmosphere

[6] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jū f. a female goblin

[7] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jū f. Sarasvatī

[8] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jū f. a spot on the forehead (?) of horses and oxen

[9] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jū f. cf. “apī-, kaśo-, dhī-, nabho-, mano-, yātu-, vayo-, vasū-, viśva-,

sadyo-, sanā-“, and “senā-jū”.

[10] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jū 1 U., 9 P. (javati-te, junāti)

(1) To press or hurry on, move on quickly.

(2) To impel quickly, urge or drive on.

(3) To excite, animate, inspire.

[11] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jū a. Ved. Quick, speedy.

( xv); cf. “ni-” “saṁ-“.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jūrv 1 P. (jūrvati) Ved.

(1) To burn.

(2) To hurt, injure, kill.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jūṣ 1 U. (jūṣati-te) To hurt, kill.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jṛ cl.1.ā. (2. du. “jarethe” and Impv. “-thām” “jarante, -rasva” p. “jaramāṇa”)

to come near, approach

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jṛ 1 P. (jarati)

(1) To make low or humiliate.

(2) To excel.

pf. “jajṛmbhe”; ind. p. “jṛmbhitvā”) to open the mouth, yawn &c.; to gape

open, open (as a flower) ; to fly back or recoil (as a bow when unstrung) ; to

unstring a bow ; to unfold, spread (as a flood &c.), expand, occupy a larger

circuit ; to spread (as sound), v, 363; to feel at ease 12073 Caus. (pf.

“jṛmbhayām āsa”) to cause to yawn 10632: Intens. “jarījṛmbhate”, to spread

everywhere

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jeṣ 1 A. (jeṣate) To move, go.

heavily, be excessively thirsty ; x; to gape, i, 110, 5; to move (“to strive

after” and

[Page 425,1]

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jeh 1 A. (jehate) Ved.

(1) To reach, go towards.

(2) To strive after, exert.

(3) To open the mouth, pant, gasp.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jai 1 P. (jāyati) To wane, decline, decay, perish.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jyu 1 A. (jyavate) To go near, approach.

“jyotayati”, to shine upon, illuminate (iv, 37, 10 and )vii, 16, 1 (v.l.); cf.

“ava-“.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jyut 1 U. (jyotati-te) To shine.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jyo 1 A. (jyavate)

(1) To advise, instruct.

(2) To observe any religious obligation (such as a vow).

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jri see “uru-” and “pari-jri”.

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

jri or #jrī (= “jṝ”) cl1.9.10. “jrayati, jriṇāti, jrāyayati”, to grow old (v.l.)

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jri I. 1 P. (jrayati)

(1) To overpower, conquer.

(2) To go. –II. 9. 10 P. (jriṇāti, jrāyayati) To grow old.

“jvarayati” ( 2-3, 54) to make feverish (Pass. “-ryate”, “to become feverish”) ;

cf. “anu-saṁ-” “saṁ-“.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jvar 1 P. (jvarati, jūrṇa)

(1) To be hot with fever or passion, be feverish.

(2) To be diseased.

burn brightly, blaze, glow, shine &c.; to burn (as a wound) Caus. “jvalayati”

or “jvāl-“, to set on fire, light, kindle, make radiant, illuminate (ā.) &c.:

Intens. “jājvalati” () or “-lyate” ( 3-1, 22 ; p. “-lyamāna”) to flame violently,

shine strongly, be brilliant

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jval 1 P. (jvalati, jvalita)

(1) To burn brightly, blaze, glow, shine; jvalati caliteṁdhanogniḥ S. 6.

30; Ku. 5. 30.

(2) To be burnt up, be consumed or afflicted (as by fire)

amṛtamadhuramṛdutaravacanena jvalati na sā malayajapavanena Gīt. 7.

(3) To be ardent; jajvāla lokasthitaye sa rājā Bk. 1. 4.

(4) To burn (as a wound). –Caus. (jvalayati-te, jvālayati-te, but

prajvalayati)

(1) To set on fire, light, kindle.

(2) To irradiate, illuminate, brighten.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jhaṭ 1 P. (jhaṭti)

(1) To become matted or clotted together (as hair).

(2) To become confused or entangled.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jham 1 P. (jhamati) To eat, consume.

(v.l.); to injure

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jharc 6 P. (jharcati)

(1) To speak.

(2) To blame, censure.

(3) To injure.

(4) To threaten, menace.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jhaṣ 1 U. (jhaṣati-te)

(1) To take.

(2) To put on, wear.

(3) To hurt or kill (only P. in this sense).

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

jhyu 1 P. (jhyavati) To go or move

“takṣati” [ 7-1, 39 ; impf. [aor.?] “atakṣma”, 2. pl. “ataṣṭa” ; once cl.5.

[“takṣṇoti” Pot. “-kṣṇuyur” ; see also “apa-“; aor, “atakṣīt” ; 3. pl. “-kṣiṣur” ;

Subj. “takṣiṣat” [ 3-4, 7 ; pf. “tatakṣa”, once ā. “-kṣe” pl. “-kskur” , once

“takṣur”, ii, 19, 8; 2. du. “takṣathur”, x, 39, 4; pr. p. f. “takṣatī”, i, 164, 41;

pf. Pass, p. “taṣṭa” see s.v.) to form by cutting, plane, chisel, chop &c.; to

cut, split ; to fashion, form (out of wood &c.), make, create ; to form in the

mind, invent ; to make (any one young; double acc.), make able or prepare

for (dat.) ; (in math.) to reduce by dividing ; Lil. &c.; = “tvac” ; to, skin

Caus. “takṣayati” (aor. “atatakṣat”) ; cf. “tvakṣ”. 2. Taksh, “paring”; see

“kāṣṭha-“.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

takṣ 1. 5. P. (takṣati, takṣṇoti, taṣṭa)

(1) To chop, cut off, pare, chisel, slice, split; ātmānaṁ takṣati hyeṣa

vanaṁ paraśunā yathā Mb.; nidhāya takṣyate yatra kāṣṭhe kāṣṭhaṁ sa

udghanaḥ Ak.

(2) To fashion, shape, form (out of wood &c.).

(3) To make, create in general.

(4) To wound, hurt.

(5) To invent, form in the mind.

(6) To make one’s own, appropriate.

(7) To cover.

(8) To peel.

(9) To make thin. –WITH nis

(1) to slice out of.

(2) to form, create.

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

takṣ a. (At the end of comp.) Paring, cutting &c.; also takṣa.

v.l. for “tāḍay-“, to strike, xxxii, 43.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

taṭ I. 1 P. (taṭati)

(1) To groan.

(2) To rise, be raised or elevated. –II. 10 U. (tāṭayati-te) To beat, strike.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

taṇc cl.7. “tanakti”, to contract ; cf. “ā, abhy-ā-; upātaṅkya; takman” and “-

kra”.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

tan cl.1.10. “-nati, tānayati”, to believe in ; “to assist” or “to afflict with pain”

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

tan (= “stan”) cl.4. “-nyati” (aor. 2. sg. “tatanas”) to resound, roar ; ([cf.

[characters] &c.])

[4] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

tan cl.8.P. ā. “-noti, -nute” (3. pl. “-nvate” [“ā-” and “vi-tanvate” ; Impv. “-

nu” [“ava” and “vi-tanuhi” ; cf. 1 ; “-nuṣva” ; Subj. 2. sg. “-nuthās”, v, 79, 9;

1. du. “-navāvahai”, i, 170, 4; impf. 3. pl. “atanvata”, x, 90, 6 ; pf. P.

“tatāna”, once “tāt-” ; 2. sg. “tatantha” [],class. “tenitha” [ 7-2, 64 ; ā. 1. 2. 3.

sg. [“ā-“] “tatane, [abhi-]tatniṣe, [vi-]tatne” ; 3. sg. irr. “tate”, i, 83, 5; 3. pl.

“tatnire” [164, 5 “vi-” “ten-” [iv, 14, 4 (“vi-“) &c.; cf. ; aor. P. “atan” ;

“[ā-]atān”, 67, 6 ; “[pari-, vi-]atanat” ; “[anv-ā]atāṁsīt” ; “atānīt” ; “tatanat,

[abhi-]-tanāma, -tanan” ; 2. pl. “ataniṣṭa” ; 3. du. “atāniṣṭām” ; ā. “atata” or

“ataniṣṭa, atathās” or “ataniṣṭhās” ; 3. pl. “atnata” ; “tatananta”, i, 52, 11; 1.

sg. “atasi” pl. “ataṁsmahi” ; fut. 2nd “taṁsyate” ; fut. 1st “[vi-]tāyitā” ; p. pr.

“tanvat, -vāna”; pf. “tatanvas”; ind. p. “tatvā, -tvāya, -tatya” ; [“vi-“] “tāya” ;

inf. tantum ; Pass. “tāyate” “-yamāna”] x, 17, 7 &c.; “tanyate” ; aor. “atāyi”

to extend, spread, be diffused (as light) over, shine, extend towards, reach to

&c.; to be protracted, continue, endure ; to stretch (a cord), extend or bend

(a bow), spread, spin out, weave &c.; to emboss ; to prepare (a way for) ;

to direct (one’s way, “gatim”) towards ; to propagate (one’s self or one’s

family, “tanūs, tantum”) 2386 ; to (spread i.e. to) speak (words) ; to

protract li, 226; to put forth, show, manifest, display, augment &c. (Pass.

to be put forth or extended, increase ; to accomplish, perform (a ceremony)

&c.; to sacrifice, xiii, 2, 5, 2 127; to compose (a literary work) ; to render

(any one thirsty, double acc.) 455: Desid. “titaniṣati, -taṁsati, -tāṁs-”

Intens. “tantanyate, tantanīti”, vi, 4, 44 & vii, 4, 85 ; ([cf. [characters] &c.])

[5] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

tan (only dat, “tane” and instr. “tanā”) continuation, uninterrupted

succession ; propagation, offspring, posterity ([“tanvā tanā ca” or “tmanā

tānā” or “tanve tane” (“ca”), “for one’s own person and one’s children”]);

(“tanā”, once “tanā”, x, 93, 12) instr. ind. in uninterrupted succession, one

after another, continually ; viii ff.

[6] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tan I. 8 U. (tanoti, tanute, tatāna, tene, ata-tā-nīt, tanituṁ, tata; pass. tanyate

or tāyate; desid. titaṁsati, titāṁsati, titaniṣati)

(1) To stretch, extend, lengthen, lengthen out; vāhvoḥ sakarayostatayoḥ

Ak.

(2) To spread, shed, diffuse; Bk. 2. 3, 10. 32, 15. 91; Ku. 2. 33.

(3) To cover, fill; sa tamīṁ tamobhirabhigamya tatāṁ Śi. 9. 23; Ki. 5. 11.

(4) To cause, produce, form, give, grant, bestow; tvayi vimukhe mayi

sapadi sudhānidhirapi tanute tanudāhaṁ Gīt. 4; piturmudaṁ tena tatāna

so’rbhakaḥ R. 3. 25; 7. 7; U. 3. 39; Māl. 9. 43; yo durjanaṁ vaśayituṁ

tanute manīṣāṁ Bv. 1. 95, 10.

(5) To perform, do, accomplish (as a sacrifice); iti kṣitīśo navatiṁ

navādhikāṁ mahākratūnāṁ mahanīyaśāsanaḥ . samārurukṣurdivamāyuṣaḥ

kṣaye tatāna sopānaparaṁparāmiva .. R. 3. 69; Ms. 4. 205.

(6) To compose, write (as a work &c.); as in nāmnāṁ mālāṁ

tanomyahaṁ or tanute ṭīkāṁ.

(7) To stretch or bend (as a bow).

(8) To spin out, weave.

(9) To propagate, or be propagated. (10) To continue, last.

(11) To protract, prolong, augment.

(12) To emboss.

(13) To prepare (a way for).

(14) To direct one’s way towards. [cf. L. tendo]. –II. 1 P., 10 U. (tanati,

tānayati-te)

(1) To confide, trust, place confidence in.

(2) To help, assist, aid.

(3) To pain or afflict with disease.

(4) To be harmless.

(5) To sound.

[7] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tan f. Ved.

(1) Continuation, diffusion.

(2) Offspring, posterity.

“-drayate”, to grow fatigued ( xv, 19) inf.).

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

tap cl.1. “tapati” (rarely ā.; Subj. “-pāti” ; p. “tapat” &c.; cl.4. p. “tapyat” ;

pf. 1. sg. “tatapa” ; 3. sg. “-tāpa”, x, 34, 11 ; p. “tepāna” ; fut. “tapsyati”

&c.: “-te” & “tapiṣyati” to give out heat, be hot, shine (as the sun) &c.; to

make hot or warm, heat, shine upon ; to consume or destroy by heat ; to

suffer pain ; (with “paścāt”) to repent of ; to torment one’s self, undergo

self-mortification, practise austerity (“tapas”) i f. &c.; to cause pain to,

injure, damage, spoil xiv &c.: Pass. or cl.4.ā. “tapyate” (xiv; or “tapy-” ; p.

“-pyamāna” ; “tapy-“, xix, 56, 5; cf. “a-“; aor. “atāpi” ; “atapta” ; pf. “tepe”

&c.; p. “-pāna” ; also P. “tapyati, -pyet, atapyat”, &c. to be heated or burnt,

become hot &c.; to be purified by austerities (as the soul) ; to suffer or feel

pain &c.; to suffer pain voluntarily, undergo austerity (“tapas”) &c.: Caus.

“tāpayati, -te” (p. “-payat” ; Pass. “-pyate” &c.; aor. “atītape” & [Subj.]

“tatapate” to make warm or hot, iv, 2, 6; viii, 72, 4 &c.; to consume by

heat &c.; to cause pain, trouble, distress &c.; to torment one’s self, undergo

penance, iii, 8199: Intens. (p. “tātapyamāna”) to feel violent pain, be in great

anxiety ([cf. Lat. ‘tepeo’ &c.])

[3] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

tap mfn. “warming one’s self.” see “agni-tap”.

[4] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tap I. 1 P. rarely A., 4. P. (tapati, tapyati; tapta)

(1) (Intransitively used)

(a) To shine, blaze (as fire or sun); tamastapati gharmāṁśau

kathamāvirbhaviṣyati S. 5. 14; R. 5. 13; U. 6. 14; Bg. 9. 19.

(b) To be hot or warm, give out heat.

(c) To suffer pain; tapati na sā kisalayaśayanena Gīt. 7.

(d) To mortify the body, undergo penance (with tapas); agaṇitatanūta

paṁ taptvā tapāṁsi bhagīrathaḥ U. 1. 23.

(2) (Transitively used)

(a) To make hot, heat, warm; Bk. 9. 2; Bg. 11. 19.

(b) To inflame, burn, consume by heat; tapati tanugātri

madanastvāmaniśaṁ māṁ punardahatyeva S. 3. 17; aṁgairanaṁgataptaiḥ

3. 7.

(c) To hurt, injure, damage, spoil; yāsyan sutastapyati māṁ

samanyuṁ Bk. 1. 23; Ms. 7. 6.

(d) To pain, distress.

(e) To mortify the body. undergo penance (with tapas)’ –Pass.

(tapyate) (regarded by some as a root of the 4th conjugation)

(1) To be heated, suffer pain.

(2) To undergo severe penance (oft. with tapas) U. 2. 8. –II. 10 U. or

Caus. (tāpayati-te, tāpita)

(1) To heat, make warm; gaganaṁ tāpitapāyitāsilakṣmīṁ Śi. 20. 75; na

hi tāpayituṁ śakyaṁ sāgarāṁbhastṛṇolkayā H. 1. 86.

(2) To torment, pain, distress; bhṛśaṁ tāpitaḥ kaṁdarpeṇa Gīt. 11; Bk. 8.

13. –WITH nis 1. to heat. –2. to purify. –3. to burnish. –vi 1. to shine

(Atm. like uttap q. v.); ravirvitapate’tyarthaṁ Bk. 8. 14. –2. to warm, heat.

to protect

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tay 1 A. (tayate)

(1) To go, move; adhyuvāsa rathaṁ teye purāt Bk. 14. 75, 108. 2 To

guard, protect.

“tarjayati” (ep., also ā.) to threaten (Pass. p. “-rjyamāna”) ; to scold 11166

&c.; to frighten ; to deride ; for “tark”, Caus. ([cf. Germ. ‘drohen’ &c.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tarj 1 P., 10 A. (often P. also) (tarjati, tarjayati-te, tarjita)

(1) To threaten, menace, terrify; sakhīmaṁgulyā tarjayati S. 1;

ahitānaniloddhūtaistarjayānniva ketubhiḥ R. 4. 28, 11. 78, 12. 41; Bk. 14.

80.

(2) To scold, revile, censure, blame; Bk. 6. 3, 8. 101, 17. 103.

(3) To mock, deride.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tard 1 P. (tardati)

(1) To injure, hurt.

(2) To kill, cut through; Bk. 14. 108; see tṛd also.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tarb 1 P. (tarbati) To go, move.

establish, fix (derived fr. 1. “talita”)

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tal 1 P., 10 U. (talati, tālayati-te)

(1) To be full or complete.

(2) To fix, found, establish.

(3) To be fixed.

(4) To accomplish a vow.

to spread, proceed in a continuous stream or line ; (= “trai”) to protect ; cf.

“vi-, saṁ-“.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tāy 1 A. (tāyate, tāyita)

(1) To spread, extend, proceed in a continuous line.

(2) To protect, preserve. –WITH vi to spread, create; Bk. 16. 105.

xxvii, 19; to assail ; to wound ; to challenge

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tik I. 1 A. (tekate) To go or move. –II. 5 P. (tiknoti)

(1) To go.

(2) To attack, assail.

(3) To wound.

(4) To seek to injure or kill.

(5) To challenge; also written tig or tigh in this sense.

sharp (“tetijāna”, “sharp” ; to sharpen, x, 138, 5: Caus. “tejayati” id. ; to stir

up, excite Desid. “titikṣate” ( 3-1, 5; 1. pl. “-kṣmahe” ; fut. “-kṣiṣyate” ; ep.

also P. e.g. p. “-kṣat” iii) “to desire to become sharp or firm”, to bear with

firmness, suffer with courage or patience, endure viii &c.: Intens. “tetikte” (

7-4, 65; p. “-tijāna” see above ) to sharpen ; ([cf. [characters]; Lat. ‘dis-

tinguo’, &c.])

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tij I. 1 A. (Strictly desid. of tij) (titikṣate, titikṣita)

(1) To endure, bear.

(2) To put up with, suffer patiently or with courage; titikṣamāṇasya

pareṇa niṁdāṁ M. 1. 17; tāṁstitikṣasva bhārata Bg. 2. 14; Mv. 2. 12; Ki. 13.

68; Ms. 6. 47. –II. 10 U. or Caus. (tejayati-te, tejita)

(1) To sharpen, whet; kusumacāpamatejayadaṁśubhiḥ R. 9. 39.

(2) To stir up, excite, instigate.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tip 1 A. (tepate)

(1) To sprinkle.

(2) To drop, distil, ooze, leak.

(3) To protect.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

til (derived fr. “tila”) cl.6.10. “-lati, telayati”, to be unctuous ; to anoint

[3] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

til I. 1 P. (telati) To go, move. –II. 6 P., 10 U. (tilati, telayati-te)

(1) To be unctuous or greasy.

(2) To anoint, smear with oil.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tīk 1 A. (tīkate) To go, move; cf. ṭīk.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tīv 1 P. (tīvati)

(1) To be large or strong.

(2) To be fat or corpulent.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tuḍ 1. 6. P. (toḍati, tuḍati)

(1) To split, rend, break.

(2) To push.

(3) To injure, hurt.

(4) To bring near, convey.

[2] Apte, Vaman Shivaram: The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Poona : 1890

tuḍḍ 1 P. (tuḍḍati) To disregard, contemn.

[2] Monier-Williams, Monier: A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London : 1899

tuj cl.6. (3.du. ā. “-jete”; p. P. “-jat”; inf. “jase” and “tuje”; Pass. p. “-

jyamāna”), and “tuṇj” (3. pl. P. “-janti” ā. “-jate”; p. “-jāna, tuṇjāna”, and

“tuṇjamāna”), to strike, hit, push ; to press out (“”tuṇjati”, to give” ; ā. to

flow forth, iii, 1, 16; to instigate, incite, i, iii; Pass. to be vexed, i, 11, 5: cl.1.

“tojati”, to hurt : Caus. (p. “tujayat”; aor. Pot. “tutujyāt”, p. “tūtujāna” q.v.)